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1、一、将下列单词或词组译成汉语：（每题1分，记10分）1．irondeficiencyanemia2．supportivecare3．etiology4．diuretics5．hyperkalemia6．contrastmaterial7．proteinuria8．peritonitis9．totalparenteralmutrition10．transfusion二、将下列单词或词组译成英语（每题1分，记10分）1．肠梗阻2．中风3．心肌梗死4．胆囊切除5．结肠息肉6．生存率7．营养不良8．阑尾炎9．生命体征10．移植三、英译中（每题16分，计8
2、0分，任选5题，如多选，计前5题分，答题时请写明题号）1．Traumaistheleadingnonobstetriccauseofmaternalmortalityandoccursinasmanyas7%ofpregnancies.Themostcommonmechanismsofinjuryarefromfallsorfrommotorvehiclecrashes.Whencomparedtoage-matchedpregnantcontrols,pregnantwomenwhosustainedtraumahadahigherincide
3、nceofspontaneousabortion,pretermlabor,fetomaternalhemorrhage,abruptioplacentae,anduterinerupture.Multiplestudieshaveattemptedtoidentifyriskfactorsthatpredictmorbidityandmortalityinthepregnanttraumapatient.ThematernalInjurySeverityScore,mechanismofinjury,andphysicalfindingsare
4、unabletoadequatelypredictadverseoutcomessuchasabruptioplacentaeandfetalloss.Earlyinvolvementofanavailableobstetricianisimportanttoevaluatebothmaternalandfetalwell-being.2．End-stagerenaldisease(ESRD)fromdiabeticnephropathyisamajorcauseofmorbidityandmortality,particularlyinpati
5、entswithtype1diabetes,affecting30to35%ofpatientsintheUnitedStates.Althoughnephropathyisaboutonehalfasfrequentintype2diabetics(partiallyduetoashortenedlifeexpectancy),type2diabetesstillmakesupthevastmajorityofdiabeticpatientsseekingtherapyforESRD.Overall,diabetesistheleadingca
6、useofESRDintheUnitedstates,accountingformorethanonethirdofcases.3．Thephysiciandoesnotexistinavacuumbutratheraspartofacomplicatedandextensivesystemofmedicalcareandpubichealth.Inpremoderntimesandeventodayinsomedevelopingcountries,basichygiene,cleanwater,andadequatenutritionhave
7、beenthemostimportantwaystopromotehealthandreducedisease.Indevelopedcountries,theadoptionofhealthylifestyles,includingbetterdietandappropriateexercise,arecornorstonestoreducingtheepidemicsofobesity,coronarydisease,anddiabetes.Publichealthinterventionstoprovideimmunizationsandt
8、oreduceinjuriesandtheuseoftobacco,illicitdrugs,andexcessalcoholcolle
