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1、Low-coherencedeformationsensorsforthemonitoringofcivil-engineeringstructuresD.Inaudia,A.Elamarib,L.Pfluga,N.Gisinb,J.Breguetb,S.Vurpillota“IMAC,LaboratoryofStressAnalysis,SwissFederalInstituteofTechnology,CH-1015Lausanne,Switzerland‘GAP,GroupofAppliedPhysics
2、-OpticalSeciion,GenevaUniversityCH-1205Geneva,SwitzerlandRcccivcd25January1993;inrevisedform8March1994;accepted25March1994AbstractAnoptical-fiberdeformationsensorwitharesolutionof10pmandanoperationalrangeof60mmhasbeenrealized.Thesystemisbasedonlow-coherencei
3、nterferometryinstandardsingle-modetelecommunicationfibers.Itallowsthemonitoringoflargestructuresoverseveralmonthswithoutnoticeabledrift.Nocontinuousmeasurementisneededandthesystemisinsensitivetovariationsofthefiberlosses.Thistechniquehasbeenappliedtothemonit
4、oringofa20mX5mX0.5m,120tonconcreteslaboversixmonths.Itispossibletomeasuretheshrinkageofconcreteanditselasticcoefficientduringpre-straining,givingreproducibleresultsingoodagreementwiththeoreticalcalculationsandmeasurementsperformedonsmallconcretesamples.Thisp
5、aperdescribestheopticalarrangementandtheproceduresusedtoinstallopticalfibersinconcrete.Keywor&:Ikformationsensors;Civil-engineeringstructures1.IntroductionBoththesecurityofcivil-engineeringworksandthelawrequireaperiodicmonitoringofstructures.Themethodsusedfo
6、rthispurpose,suchastriangulation,waterlevelsorvibratingstrings,areoftenoftediousapplicationandrequireoneormanyspecializedoperators.Thiscomplexityandtheresultingcostslimitthefrequencyofthemeasurements.Furthermore,thespatialresolutionisoftenpoorandtheobservati
7、onisusuallyrestrictedtothesurfaceoftheobject.Thereisthusarealdemandforatoolallowingan21internal,automaticandpermanentmonitoringofstructureswithhighaccuracyandstabilityoverperiodstypicallyoftheorderof100yearsforbridges.Inthisframework,fiber-opticsmartstructur
8、es(i.e.,structureswithself-testingcapabilities)aregaininginimportanceinmanyfieldsincludingaeronauticsandcompositematerialmonitoring.Thistechnologycanbeappliedincivilengineeringandinparticularfor