交通拥堵traffic jam

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1、2013.5.21TrafficJAMPresentsituationNegativeimpactsCausesCountermeasuresContents1234Wuhanblossomsuniversity1.PresentsituationDelay:wastingtime.Environment:airpollutionandhealthdangerEconomicloss:energyseriouslyTrafficaccident…2.NegativeimpactsTheessenceoftrafficjamDemand（Traf

2、ficdemand）supply（Trafficcapacity）3.CausesThegreatincreaseinthenumberofprivatecars.Theslowandinefficientconstructionandimprovementoftheroadsandstreets.Theinsufficientmanagementofthetrafficsystem.People’slackofawarenessoftrafficregulations.Others:weather,trafficaccidents…4.Cau

3、sesCountermeasuresHowcantrafficjamsbesolved?Nosolve,justeaseToincreasesupplycreatingnewroutesincreasingtrafficcapacitythroughtrafficmanagementimprovementsbasedontheexistingroadsToreducingdemandparkingrestrictionsroadpricingpolicyapproaches4.Countermeasures4.CountermeasuresRo

4、adinfrastructureUrbanplanningandlanduseTrafficmanagementOtherassociatedDevelopmentofpublictransportsRoadinfrastructureJunctionimprovementsgradeseparation,usingbridgesortunnels.reducingjunctionsReversiblelanes,wherecertainsectionsofhighwayoperateintheoppositedirectionondiffer

5、enttimesoftheday/daysoftheweek,tomatchasymmetricdemand.RoadinfrastructureSeparatelanesforspecificusergroups(usuallywiththegoalofhigherpeoplethroughputwithfewervehicles)BuslanesaspartofabuswaysystemRoadinfrastructureHOVlanes,forvehicleswithatleastthree(sometimesatleasttwo)rid

6、ers,intendedtoencouragecarpoolingHOV——HighOccupancyVehicleRoadinfrastructureForexample:Thecityisdividedinto55villages.Themeaningoftheir"community"isdifferentwithourresidentialarea.Withinacommunity,people'sworkandlifeleisurebasicallycanbesolved.officebuildingshospitalsschools

7、parksshoppingcentersrestaurantsUrbanplanningandlanduseResidentialbuildingsUseofso-calledIntelligenttransportationsystem,whichguidetraffic:TrafficmanagementTrafficreporting,viavariablemessagesignsinstalledalongtheroadway,toadviseroadusers.trafficsignalcoordinationtrafficgreen

8、wavecontroltrafficredwavecontrolTrafficmanagementTrafficcongestionchargeTra