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1、现在分词和过去分词的用法1分词在句子中作状语，可以表示时间、条件、原因、结果、让步、伴随等。分词做状语时，它的逻辑主语与句子的主语一致。作状语的分词相当于一个状语从句。Hearingthenews,theyalljumpedwithjoy.Usingwhatyouknowofwordstemsandwordformations,youcanmakeaguessatthemeaningofanewword.Thestudentswentoutoftheclassroom,laughingandtalking.Accompaniedbyhisfrien
2、d,hewenttotherailwaystation.Givenbetterattention,theplantscouldgrowbetter.Helookedtiredanddepressed,visiblydisturbedbythenewsofhismother'sillness.分词在句子中作状语，使用何种分词，要取决于分词与句子主语的关系：主谓关系用现在分词，动宾或被动关系用过去分词。Nothavingenoughhands,weturnedtothemforhelp.(wedon'thaveenoughhands).Taughtby
3、mistakesandsetbacks,wehavebecomewiserandhandledouraffairsbetter.(Wearetaught/teachus).InspiredbytheInternational,theworkingpeopleofallcountrieshavebeenfightingfortheirfinalliberation.(Theworkingpeoplewereinspired/inspiretheworkingpeople)____theearthtobeflat,manyfearedthatColum
4、buswouldfallofftheedge.A)HavingbelievedB)BelievingC)BelievedD)Beingbelieved意为：相信地球是平的，许多人担心哥伦布会从边上掉下去。许多人与相信之间是主谓关系，及分词与主语之间为主谓关系，因此，应用现在分词。Nomatterhowfrequently__,theworksofBeethovenalwaysattractlargeaudiences.A)performingB)performedC)tobeperformedD)beingperformed句中贝多芬的作品被反复表
5、演，可见分词与句子的主语之间是被动关系，应该用过去分词。____asitwasatsuchatime,hisworkattractedmuchattention.A)BeingpublishedB)PublishedC)PublishingD)Tobepublished句中as引导的是让步状语从句，意为：他的作品尽管在被这样的时候出版，还是引起了关注，可见分词与句子的主语之间是被动关系，应该用过去分词。2“while(when,once,until,if,though等连词)＋分词”结构现在分词或过去分词作状语时，有时可以在分词前加while，wh
6、en,once,although,until,if等连词。Whenleavingtheairport,shewavedagainandagaintous.Whilewaitingforthetrain,Ihadalongtalkwithmysisteraboutherwork.Oncerecovered,hethrewhimselfintohisworkandmadeeveryefforttodoitwell.Althoughworkingveryhard,hefailedtopassthefinalexam.Iftranslatedwordbyw
7、ord,thepassagewillbedifficulttounderstand.3分词作定语分词作定语时，单个的分词通常放在被修饰的名词之前，分词短语一般置于所修饰的中心词后面。现在分词修饰的是发出该动作的名词(即与名词有主谓关系)，过去分词修饰承受该动作的名词(即与名词是动宾关系)。Wewillgoonwithourexperimentassoonaswegettheaddedfund.Thisisreallyanexhaustingdaytoallofus!Wecanseethepartofthemoonlightedbysunlight.
8、Afteranightspentinexcitementandsleeplessness,Iforcedmyselftot
