An Analysis of Humor in American Sitcom Friends through Cooperative Principle

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1、从合作原则看美国情景喜剧《老友记》的幽默摘要：1967年美国语言学家H.P.Grice首次指出会话中的“合作原则”这一概念。这一原则是使会话正常，顺利进行的前提。但有时人们会刻意打破合作原则中某一条或几条规则，以期能在特定语境中传递特殊的会话含义，而幽默就在对会话含义的猜测和推理中产生了。情景喜剧在西方广受欢迎,尤其是美国的情景喜剧,不仅在美国收视率很高,在全球的电视剧市场也占据了重要地位,而1994年《老友记》作为美国情景喜剧的典范之作,十多年来一直受到全球观众的热捧,可谓影响深远。而本文将举例介绍并分析《老友记》中由于违反合作原则各项准

2、则而产生幽默的具体情况。关键词：合作原则；《老友记》；幽默AnAnalysisofHumorinAmericanSitcomFriendsthroughCooperativePrincipleAbstract:In1975thephilosopheroflanguageH.P.Gricepublishedaseminalarticleentitled“TheCooperativePrinciple”whichcreatedquiteastironthelinguisticsceneandgeneratedalargenumberofling

3、uisticpublicationsthatarebuiltonGrice’spostulates.Thisprincipleisthebasicelementtohaveanormalconversation.ButsometimespeoplewoulddeliberatelybreakoneorafewtermsoftheCooperativePrincipleinordertodeliversomeparticularmeaningsinsomespecialsituations,thushumorwasproducedinthep

4、rocessofspeculationandinference.Situationcomedyispopularinthewesternmarket,especiallytheU.S.situationcomedy;theyownnotonlythehighratingsinAmerica,butalsoplayanimportantroleintheglobalTVmarket.Whilethe1994"Friends"asamodeloftheU.S.sitcomhasbeenfavorableforaglobalaudiencefor

5、morethanadecade,ithadafar-reachingimplication.ThispaperwillillustratehumorproducingcasesinFriends,whicharecausedbybeingagainsttheCooperativePrinciple.Keywords:CooperativePrinciple;Friends;Humor13Contents1.Introduction12.Researchdescription13.Literaturereview23.1AboutFriend

6、s23.1.1Studiesonsitcom23.1.2IntroductiontoFriends23.2Researchesonhumor33.2.1Studiesonhumorinthewest33.2.2StudiesonhumorinChina43.3CooperativePrinciple53.3.1IntroductiontoCooperativePrinciple53.3.2FourmaximsofCooperativePrinciple54.AnalysisoftheviolationofCooperativePrincip

7、leinFriends64.1Violationofthemaximofquantity64.2Violationofthemaximofquality84.3Violationofthemaximofrelevance94.4Violationofthemaximofmanner105.Conclusion12References131313AnAnalysisofHumorinAmericanSitcomFriendsthroughCooperativePrinciple1.IntroductionSomepeoplerecognize

8、thatEnglishhasasenseofhumorinitself.AstoourChinese,it’snotaneasyworktogetfamiliarwiththes