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1、山东科技大学学士学位论文附录：英文文献与翻译TheProjectCycleIfthequestion,”Whatdoestheworldbankdo?”hadtobeansweredinafewwords,thosewordswouldbe:”Itlendsfordevelopmentprojects.”TheWorldBank'smainbusiness,thatis,loanstothosewhohavebeencarefullyselectedandpreparedacomprehensiveassessmentof,andstrictsupe
2、rvisionaswellasthesystematicevaluationoftheparticularitem.BankforReconstructionandDevelopmentsincetheirinceptionin1946,anditssubsidiary'ssoftlendinginstitutions-theInternationalDevelopmentAssociation(theIDA,1961operationwasputintooperation),togetherprovidedatotalof3094Tfortheha
3、rdwareprojectdevelopmentloansandsoftloans,thetotalhasmorethan92billionU.S.dollars.Thevastmajorityoftheseloans,thatis,morethan90%forspecificprojectssuchasschools,agriculturalproductionplanning,dam,roadconstruction,andfertilizerplants.TheBankwillfocusonprojectloans,theWorldBankto
4、ensurethatfundsareinvestedreliable,productiveprincipleoftheproject.Theseprojectscanpromoteeconomicdevelopmentinborrowingcountries,butalsotakingintoaccounttheabilitytorepayloans.WorldBankisadevelopmentagencies,butalsoafinancialinstitution,theloanforeachprojectmustbeconsistentwit
5、hthecharacteristicsofthedual.Inrecentyears,thenumberofitemsandamountsofloanshavesignificantgrowth.Intheearly50,theWorldBank'sannualloansoflessthan20pens,atotalamountofabout400millionU.S.dollars,andthevastmajorityconcentratedinEuropeandLatinAmerica;inthe1967financialyear,atotalo
6、f67loanstotaling1.1billionU.S.dollars;inJune1986ringthefinancialyear,山东科技大学学士学位论文approvedaloanfor246pens,thetotalamountofupto12.3billionU.S.dollars,respectively,to90countries.Therehasbeennolessachangeinthecharacterofprojects.Fromlendingcountries,developmentstrategyandprojectdes
7、ignofloans,theWorldBankLoanofthegrowingtendencytodevelop.-Borrowingcountries:agradualshiftofloansinAsia,AfricaandLatinAmerica,povertyandtheleastdevelopedcountries.-Developmentstrategy:theso-calledprogressive'stheory,thateconomicgrowthwilleventuallybenefitthebroadmassesofthepoor
8、,theWorldBankhasbeenamorereasonablewaytoreplaceitsurba
