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1、TCAS的工作原理TheworkingprincipleofTCASandtheworkingprincipleofTCASTheaircraftcollisionavoidancesystem,theAmericanairlinesystemiscalledairtrafficwarningandcollisionavoidancesystem(TCAS:TrafficAlertandCollisionAvoidance)System)theEuropeanAeronauticsystemiscalledanAirborneCollisionAvoidaneeSystem(A
2、CAS:Airborne,Collision,Avoidance)(System))theactualmeaningandfunctionofthetwoarethesame.Thecollisionavoidancesystemcanshowthesituationaroundtheaircraftandprovidevoicealarmswhennecessary,whilehelpingdriversavoiddangeroussituationsinanappropriateway,whichcanhelppreventcatastrophicaccidents・Let
3、，stakeTCASasanexample・TCAS'shistorycanbetracedbackto1955,whentheBendixAviationElectronics(nowpartofHoneyWellCompany)Dr.J.S.Morrellpublished"collisions〃article・Theseincludethecomputeralgorithmfordeterminingthespeedofapproachingaircraft,whichisthebasisforthestudyofallcollisionavoidaneesystems・
4、In1960sand70s,thecompanydevelopedseveralprototypemachinesfortheUnitedStatesArmyandtheFederalAviationAdministration(FAA),andacquiredtheFAA'sfirstidentificationoftheTCASinthelate80s・TCASdeviceexteriorPrinciple:Intheprincipleofdeterminingthenumber,headingandheightoftheaircraftbythetworadartrans
5、ponder,theinterrogationdeviceismountedontheaircraftTheaircraftcandisplaythedistancebetweeneachothersothatthedriverknowstheintervalsbetweentheaircraftflyinginacertainrangeandtakestimelymeasurestoavoidcollisions・Likethetworadar,theTCASsystemneedstobeequippedwithtranspondersontheaircraft・Withre
6、ferencetothetworadar,thetypeofairtrafficcontrolradarcanbereferencedCompositionandfunction:TCASconsistsofinterrogator,transponder,transceiver,andcomputer・Monitoringrangeisgenerally30nauticalmilesahead,3000metersaboveandbelow,andsmallermonitoringinthesideandrear・Toreduceradiointerference,thema
7、nagementregulationslimitthepoweroftheTCAS・ItlimitstheforwardrangeoftheTCAStoabout45miles,whilethelateralandbackwarddistancesaremuchsmallerTheTCASinterrogatorsendsoutapulsesignalcalledtheinterrogationsignal,similartothegroundlaunchedradartrafficcont
