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1、HazardousChemicalsHandbookHazardousChemicalsHandbookSecondeditionPhillipCarsonPhDMScAMCTCChemFRSCFIOSHHeadofScienceSupportServices,UnileverResearchLaboratory,PortSunlight,UKCliveMumfordBScPhDDScCEngMIChemEConsultantChemicalEngineerOxfordAmsterdamBostonLondonNewYorkP
2、arisSanDiegoSanFranciscoSingaporeSydneyTokyoButterworth-HeinemannAnimprintofElsevierScienceLinacreHouse,JordanHill,OxfordOX28DP225WildwoodAvenue,Woburn,MA01801-2041Firstpublished1994Secondedition2002Copyright©1994,2002,PhillipCarson,CliveMumford.AllrightsreservedThe
3、rightofPhillipCarsonandCliveMumfordtobeidentifiedastheauthorsofthisworkhasbeenassertedinaccordancewiththeCopyright,DesignsandPatentsAct1988Nopartofthispublicationmaybereproducedinanymaterialform(includingphotocopyingorstoringinanymediumbyelectronicmeansandwhetherorn
4、ottransientlyorincidentallytosomeotheruseofthispublication)withoutthewrittenpermissionofthecopyrightholderexceptinaccordancewiththeprovisionsoftheCopyright,DesignsandPatentsAct1988orunderthetermsofalicenceissuedbytheCopyrightLicensingAgencyLtd,90TottenhamCourtRoad,L
5、ondon,EnglandW1T4LP.Applicationsforthecopyrightholder’swrittenpermissiontoreproduceanypartofthispublicationshouldbeaddressedtothepublishersBritishLibraryCataloguinginPublicationDataAcataloguerecordforthisbookisavailablefromtheBritishLibraryLibraryofCongressCatalogui
6、nginPublicationDataAcataloguerecordforthisbookisavailablefromtheLibraryofCongressISBN0750648880ForinformationonallButterworth-Heinemannpublicationsvisitourwebsiteatwww.bh.comTypesetatReplikaPressPvtLtd,Delhi110040,IndiaPrintedandboundinGreatBritainContentsPrefacetot
7、hesecondeditionixPrefacetothefirsteditionxi1Introduction12Terminology103Generalprinciplesofchemistry21Introduction21Atomsandmolecules21Periodictable22Valency23Chemicalbonds24Oxidation/Reduction25Physicalstate26Acids26Bases27Halogens28Metals29Oxygenandsulphur30Nitrog
8、en,phosphorus,arsenicandantimony31pH32Salts32Organicchemistry32Combustionchemistry40Chemicalreactivity424Physicochemistry45Vapourpressure4
