对减记资产减值的研究【外文翻译】

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1、外文文献翻译ACloserLookAtDiscretionaryWritedownsOfImpairedAssetsTheincreasingnumberofassetwritedownsandwrite-offsduringthelastdecadehascapturedtheattentionofboththefinancialpressandthestandardsettingcommunity.TheFASBiscurrentlyconsideringregulationofwritedownsofimpairedassetsandidentifiableintangiblesa

2、ndreleasedaDiscussionMemorandumontheissuessurroundingtheprobleminDecember1990.Presently，thereislittleempiricalresearchwhichappliesdirectlytothewritedownswhichmightbecoveredbytheresultingstandards(discretionarywritedowns).BeforeanyregulationbytheFASBisattemptedinthisarea,itwouldbebeneficialforboth

3、standardsettersandthebusinesscommunitytolearnaboutthosecompanieswhohavealreadychosentorecorddiscretionarywritedownsandthesituationswhichmayhavepromptedthemtodoso.Previousresearchinthisareaisnotconclusivesincesomeisbasedonanecdotalevidenceandmostofthepublishedstudiesofwritedownsincludenotonlydiscr

4、etionarywritedownsofimpairedassets,butalsowrite-offsandwritedownswhichmayqualifyasdiscontinuedoperationsunderAPB30.Thepurposeofthispaperistofillthisvoidintheliteraturebyprovidinginformationfocusingonlyondiscretionaryassetwritedowns.Inparticular,thefollowingareaswillbeexplored:1.Whattypesoffirmsar

5、erecordingdiscretionaryassetwritedowns?Howprevalentaretheseevents?2.Howarediscretionaryassetwritedownsdisclosed?3.Whenarediscretionaryassetwritedownsrecorded?Arethereanytimingpatternsintheseevents?4.Whataretheconsequencesofthesewritedowns?Howdotheyaffectstockpricesandthefinancialhealthofthefirms?

6、THECURRENTENVIRONMENT14Anassetissaidtobe"impaired"whenitsbookvalueexceedssomemeasureofits"fair"value.Whenafirmrecognizesthisimpairmentandsubsequentlyrecordstheeffectbydecreasingthebookvalueoftheassetanddebitinganincomestatementaccount,thefirmhasrecordeda"writedown."GAAPclearlyallowsthesewritedown

7、sinseveralsituations.First,certaincurrentassets,suchasmarketablesecuritiesandinventories,areexaminedperiodicallyandadjustedtothelowerofcostormarket.Similarly,longtermequityinvestmentsareadjustedperiodicallytothelowerof