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1、第27卷第3期生态学报Vo.l27,No.32007年3月ACTAECOLOGICASINICAMar.,2007河道生态护坡关键技术及其生态功能*陈小华,李小平(上海市环境科学研究院,上海200233)摘要:在上海4个生态河道示范区,开展了以生态修复和河岸侵蚀控制为目标的河道生态护坡技术研究。在不同河段分别采用了土壤生物工程护坡、全系列生态护坡以及复合式生物稳定等三类生态护坡技术。护坡工程完成后,以浦东新区机场镇生态河道示范区为重点,对主要护坡工程进行持续3a(2004~2006年)的生态监测,从坡岸的结构稳定性和生态稳定性两方面对护坡工程进行
2、生态功能研究。3a来,护坡植物生长良好,新生枝叶和根系的护坡作用明显,土壤抗剪强度明显增加,河岸土壤侵蚀得到有效控制,坡岸的结构稳定性增强;同时河岸生境得到改善,本地植物快速恢复,生物多样性增加,河岸植物群落结构由单一结构向复杂结构转变,生态稳定性逐渐增强。关键词:生态河道;生态护坡关键技术;生态功能;结构稳定性;生态稳定性文章编号:100020933(2007)0321168209中图分类号:Q149,TV861文献标识码:ATheeco2functionsofecologicalprotectiontechniquesofriverbank*
3、CHENXiao2Hua,LIXiao2PingShanghaiAcademyofEnvironmentalScience,Shanghai200233,ChinaActaEcologicaSinica,2007,27(3):1168~1176.Abstract:Theerosionofriverbankandthedisappearanceofriparianbufferingstripsareamongtheconcernsinriverecosystem.Thisstudyinvestigatedtheapplicationofthreee
4、cologicalslopeprotectiontechniques,includingsoilbioengineering,all2seriesvegetatedprotection,andcombinedbiostabilization,atfourdemonstrationsitesofecologicalriversinShangha.iInordertoassesstheecologicalfunctionsoftheslopeprotectionproject,theecologicalslopeprotectionprojectat
5、thedemonstrationsiteofAirportTown,wasconductedcontinuousecologicalmonitoringfrom2004to2006afterthereconstructionwasfinished.TheresultsindicatedthatthepioneerspeciessuchasSalixsuchowensis,Salixbabylonica,ZoysiaSinica,aregrowingverywellwithstrongrootsystemandflourishedbranches,
6、whichhelpcontrolsoilerosioneffectively.Asanindicatorofsoilanti2erodibility,thesoilstrengthandcompactionofthesubsurfacesoilwithameandeepnessof15cmaregoingupandmuchmorethantheun2coveredcontrolslopes,whichmadethesoilerosionmitigatedsharplyandthestructuralstabilityofriverbanksenh
7、anced.Alongwiththeriverbankbeingreinforced,thehabitatsoftheriparianzoneareunderself2miprovementandnativeplantshavebeeninrapidrestoration.Theecologicalstabilityofeco2riverbanksisbeingenhancedduetoahighspeciesdiversityandcomplexplantcommunitystructure.KeyWords:ecologicalrivers;
8、ecologicalslopeprotection;ecologicalfunction;structurestability;ecol
