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1、952IEEEJOURNALOFSOLID-STATECIRCUITS,VOL.39,NO.6,JUNE2004BriefPapers_______________________________________________________________________________AVeryLow-PowerQuadratureVCOWithBack-GateCouplingHye-RyoungKim,Choong-YulCha,Seung-MinOh,Moon-SuYang,andSang-GugLeeAbstract—Anewquadraturevol
2、tage-controlledoscillator(QVCO)topologyisproposedwheretheback-gatesofthecoretransistorsareusedascouplingterminals.Theuseofback-gatesreducesthepowerdissipationandremovestheadditionalnoisecontributionscomparetotheconventionalcouplingtransistorbasedtopology.TheadvantagesoftheproposedQVCOt
3、opologyincomparisonwithpriorworksareexploitedbasedonsimulation.AQVCObasedontheproposedtopologywithadditionaldesignideashasbeenimplementedusinga0.18-mtriple-welltech-nologyfor1GHz-bandoperation,andmeasurementshowsthephasenoiseof120dBc/Hzat1-MHzoffsetwithoutputpowerof2.5dBm,whiledissipat
4、ingonly3mAforthewholeQVCOfrom1.8-Vsupply.IndexTerms—Back-gatecoupling,CMOS,lowpower,quadra-ture,voltage-controlledoscillator(VCO).I.INTRODUCTIONNTHElastfewyears,theresearchanddevelopmentofFig.1.(a)ConventionalLC-QVCOschematic.(b)Small-signalequivalentIdirectconversionradiotransceiversh
5、avedramaticallycircuitofthecircledpart.increasedduetotheneedforlow-power,low-cost,andhighlyintegratedtransceiverchips[1].Manydirectconversionarchi-Fig.1(a)makesitinherentlyinferiortothetopologyproposedtecturesrequirequadraturelocaloscillator(LO)signals,andinthiswork.TheLC-QVCOtopologyp
6、roposedhereenablesvariousquadraturesignalgenerationtechniqueshavebeenre-quadraturecouplingwithoutrequiringadditionaltransistors.Inported,suchasthecombinationofvoltage-controlledoscillatorSectionII,newQVCOtopologyusingback-gatecouplingisin-(VCO)andpoly-phasefilter[2],VCOatdoublefrequenc
7、ytroducedandtheoperationalprinciplesaredescribed.InSec-followedbymaster–slaveflipflops,ring-typeoscillators[3],tionIII,designandmeasurementresultsarereported.SectionIVandthequadraturevoltage-controlledoscillator(QVCO)[4].concludes.Amongthesequadraturesignalgenerationtechniques,theLC-
