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1、Chapter6StylisticFeaturesofDifferentKindsofEnglishExpressionsI.HumorandIronyA.幽默是一种常见的语言表现风格。它使语言诙谐,耐人寻味,能产生一种出乎意料的喜剧效果。Homonyms/homophonesWehavecoursestomakegrownmenyoungandyoungmengroan.OnSundaytheyprayforyouandonMondaytheypreyonyou.Callmeadoctorifyoulike.Cal
2、lmewhatyouwill.Butdon’tcallmeathalfpastthreeonaDecembermorningforanear-achethatyouhavehadfortwoweeks.PeoplewhodothingsthatcountneverstoptocountthemLetusimaginethatawomangoestothechemist’sforadevelopedfilm.Shesayssmugly(沾沾自喜地)tothechemist:“Idolookniceinthepictur
3、e,don’tI?”Handlingherthefilmthechemistreplies:“Well,madam,theanswerliesinthenegative.”语言的幽默也可以通过文体风格予以实现。我们知道法官在法庭上常用的一句话:Doyouswearthatyouwilltellthetruth,thewholetruth,andnothingbutthetruth?如果一个人在牙科医生面前套用这句具有法律语言风格的句子而说道:Doyouswearthatyouwillpullthetooth,thew
4、holetooth,andnothingbutthetooth?那必然会产生强烈的幽默感。Icanresisteverythingexcepttemptation.(OscarWilde)ItwaswonderfultodiscoverAmerica,butitwouldhavebeenmorewonderfultomissit.(MarkTwain)Hewhocan,does.Hewhocannot,teaches.(GeorgeBernardShaw)Experienceisthenameeveryonegive
5、stotheirmistakes.(OscarWilde)Ihavenothingtodeclareexceptmygenius.(OscarWilde)B.反语就是说反话,或正话反说,或反话正说。反语真正的意思不是来自于字面,而是由特定的上下文所赋予的。Itisaveryjustifiablecauseofwartoinvadeacountryafterthepeoplehavebeenwasted(消瘦)byfamine(饥荒),destroyedbypestilence(瘟疫),orembroiled(纠缠/混
6、乱)byfactions(派别)amongthemselves.Itisjustifiabletoenterintowaragainstournearestally(同盟国),whenoneofhistownsliesconvenientforus,oraterritoryofland,thatwouldrenderourdominions(疆土/领土)roundandcomplete.Ifaprincesendsforcesintoanationwherethepeoplearepoorandignorant,he
7、maylawfullyputhalfofthemtodeath,andmakeslavesoftherest,inordertocivilize(使文明)andreducethemfromtheirbarbarous(野蛮的)wayofliving.Itisaveryjustifiablecauseofwartoinvadeacountryafterthepeoplehavebeenwasted(消瘦)byfamine,destroyedbypestilence(瘟疫),orembroiled(纠缠/混乱)byfac
8、tions(派别/派系)amongthemselves.Itisjustifiabletoenterintowaragainstournearestally(同盟国),whenoneofhistownsliesconvenientforus,oraterritoryofland,thatwouldrenderourdominions(疆土/领土
