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1、AroughguidetoCognitiveLinguisticsSothisisthefirsttimeyouvisitthefieldofCognitiveLinguistics,no?Youmayneedaguidethen.Sure,whenyoumovethroughthefollowingchaptersofthisvolume,yougettoseeatoptwelveofsightsthatyoushouldnotmiss:adelightfuldozenofarticleswrit
2、tenbyauthoritiesinthefieldthateachintroduceoneoftheconceptualcornerstonesofthetheoreticalframeworkofCognitiveLinguistics.Still,togiveyouafirmreferencepointforyourtour,youmayneedsomeinitiateontowhatCognitiveLinguisticsisabout.That5swhatthepresentchapter
3、isfor:itprovidesyouwitharoadmapandatravelbooktoCognitiveLinguistics.It'sonlyaroughguide,tobesure:itgivesyoutheminimalamountofbackgroundthatyouneedtofigureoutthestepstobetakenandtomakesurethatyouarenotrecognizedasatotalforeigneroranameapprentice,butitdo
4、esnotpretendtosupplymorethanthat.Tounderstandwhatyoumayexpecttofindinthisbrieftravelguide,weneedtointroduceoneofthecharacteristicideasofCognitiveLinguisticsfirst一theidea,thatis,thatweshouldnotjustdescribeconceptsandcategoriesbymeansofanabstractdefiniti
5、on,butthatweshouldalsotakeintoaccountthethingsthatthedefinitionisabout,ifwearetoachieveanadequatelevelofknowledge.Takebirds:youcandefinebirdsasacertaintypeofanimalwithcertaincharacteristics(likehavingwings,beingabletofly,andbeingbornfromeggs),butifyouw
6、anttogetagoodcognitivegriponwhatbirdsare,youwillwanttohavealookatsometypicalbirdslikerobinsandsparrowsanddoves,andthenmaybealsoatsomelesstypicalones,likechickensandostriches.IFsnodifferentwhenyouaredealingwithlinguistictheories.Youhavetoknowaboutthesci
7、entificcontentofthetheory,thatistosay,theabstractdefinitionoftheapproach:thetopicsitdealswith,thespecificperspectiveittakes,andtheobservationsitmakes.Butyoualsohavetoknowaboutthesociologyofthetheory:thepeopleitinvolves,theconferenceswheretheymeet,thech
8、annelsinwhichtheypublish.Introductionstolinguisticstendtofocusonthefirstperspectiveonly,butthepresentguidewilltakethesecondintoaccountjustasmuchasthefirst.LWhatissospecialaboutthisplace?Theoriesinlinguisticstendtobefairlyinsularaffairs:
