包容性增长：观念与战略

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1、包容性增长：观念与战略导读［阳民管理咨询机构周阳敏］:本书(小册子)是印度包容性增长的发展纲要，是H前最好的包容性增长的读本。InclusiveGrowth:VisionandStrategyINTRODUCTION1・1・IndiahasenteredtheEleventhPlanperiodwithanimpressiverecordofeconomicgrowth.AfteralacklustreperformanceintheNinthPlanperiod(1997-98to2001-02),wheng

2、rossdomesticproduct(GDP)grewatonly5.5%perannum,theeconomyacceleratedintheTenthPlanperiod(2002-03to2006-07)torecordanaveragegrowthof7.7%,thehighestinanyPlanperiodsofar.Besides,therewasaccelerationevenwithintheTenthPlanperiodandthegrowthrateinthelastfouryearso

3、fthePlanhasaveraged8.7%,makingIndiaoneofthefastestgrowingeconomiesintheworld.1・2.Itcanbearguedthatthereisanelementofcyclicalityinthehighgrowthobservedinthepastfouryearssincethesewerealsoyearsofaglobalupswing・However,India'sgrowthperformancegoesbeyondmerecycl

4、icality.Itisunderpinnedbyanumberoffactorswhicharerealsourcesofstrengthandwillserveuswellintheyearsahead・Savingsandinvestmentrateshaveincreasedsignificantly・Theindustrialsectorhasrespondedwelltoeconomicreformsandhasshownthatitiscapableofcompetingintheglobalec

5、onomy.PerceptionsaboutIndiaamongglobalinvestorsareveryfavourable.Thesedevelopmentssuggestthattheeconomyisnowatapointwhenitcanachievesustainedeconomicexpansionthathasthepotentialtobringsignificantimprovementinthelivesofourpeople・Ifthismomentumcanbeaccelerated

6、intheyearsahead,itwillputIndiaonthepathtobecomingoneofthekeyplayersintheworldeconomyoverthenexttwodecades・1.3-Thesepositivefactorsnotwithstanding,amajorweaknessintheeconomyisthatthegrowthisnotperceivedasbeingsufficientlyinclusiveformanygroups,especiallySched

7、uledCastes(SCs),ScheduledTribes(STs),andminorities.Genderinequalityalsoremainsapervasiveproblemandsomeofthestructuralchangestakingplacehaveanadverseeffectonwomen.Thelackofinclusivenessisborneoutbydataonseveraldimensionsofperformance・1.4.Thepercentageofthepop

8、ulationbelowtheofficialpovertylinehascomedownfrom36%in1993-94to28%in2004-05・However,notonlyisthisstillhigh,therateofdeclineinpovertyhasnotacceleratedalongwiththegrowthinGDP,andtheincideneeofpove