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1、喷嘴结构对高压水射流影响及结构参数优化设计1韩启龙，马洋（第二炮兵工程大学动力工程系，陕西西安710025）摘要：喷嘴是产生高压水射流的关键部件，其结构形式对射流动力学性能有很大影响。以圆柱形喷嘴为对象，进行喷嘴结构对高压水射流的影响分析及结构参数优化设计。采用两相流计算流体力学模型进行喷嘴内外的射流流场分析。为节省计算资源，在优化设计时引入Kriging代理模型替代计算流体力学模型。分別采用改进的卄•劣分类遗传算法（NondominatedSortingGeneticAlgorithm,NSGA-II）和基于分解的多目标进化算法（MultiObje
2、ctiveEvolutionaryAlgorithmsbasedonDecomposition,MOEA/D）进行单目标和多目标优化设计。研究结果农明：直线型喷嘴总体性能较优，【叫塑喷嘴次之，凸型喷嘴性能最差。以直线塑喷嘴为设计对象，以射流初始段长度和流量为H标，得到了单目标和多H标优化设计结果，单目标优化时，两个指标较基准外形分别提高14.71%和27.56%。多目标优化时，优化得到的半锥角处于［15.4,89.8］区间上。基于代理模型和进化算法的全局优化方法在进行喷嘴的优化设计时是冇效的。关键词：高压水射流；喷嘴；全局优化；两相流；代理模型；MO
3、EA/D中图分类号：V411文献标志码：A文章编号：InfluenceofnozzlestructureonhighpressurewaterjetandoptimizationdesignofnozzlestructureparameterHANQilong,MAYang(SecondArtilleryEngineeringUniversity,Xi'an710025,China)Abstract:Nozzleisthecrucialcomponentusedtogeneratehighpressurewaterjet,anditsstructur
4、eformhaslargeinfluenceondynamicperformanceofhighpressurewaterjet,sotheinfluenceofnozzlestructureonhighpressurewaterjetisanalyzed,andtheoptimizationdesignofnozzlestructureparameterisimplementedinthispaper.Twophaseflowcomputationalfluiddynamicsmodelisemployedtoanalyzeflowfield.Th
5、eKrigingsurrogatemodelisusedtoreplacethecomputationalfluiddynamicsmodelintheprocessofoptimizationdesignforreducingthecomputationalresources.TheNondominatedSortingGeneticAlgorithm(NSGA-II)andMultiObjectiveEvolutionaryAlgorithmsbasedonDecomposition(MOEA/D)arerespectivelyemployedt
6、ocarryoutsingleandmultiobjectiveoptimizationdesign・Theresearchresultsweresummarizedasfollows.First,thegeneralcapabilityofline-formnozzlewasthebest,thentheconcavity-formnozzle,andtheprotruding・fbnTinozzlehastheworstcapability.Second,thesingleandmultiobjectiveoptimizationdcsignof
7、line-formnozzlewasimplemented,inwhichcorezonelengthandmassfluxofwaterjetweretakenasoptimizationobjectives.Comparedtothebaseline,thetwoindexesincreasedby14.71%and27.56%respectivelyafterthesingleobjectiveoptimization.Theoptimalsemi-coneangleaftermultiobjectiveoptimizationlocatedo
8、n[15.4,89.8].Third,theglobaloptimizationalgorithmbased
