滇池流域农田土壤有机氯农药残留特征.pdf

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1、农业环境科学学报2010，29(4)：674—679JournalofAgro—EnvironmentScience滇池流域农田土壤有机氯农药残留特征尹可锁1，一，吴文伟2，张雪燕2，郭志祥2，代雪芳2，何成兴2，徐汉虹1(1．华南农业大学天然农药与化学生物学教育部重点实验室，广州510642；2．云南省农业科学院农业环境资源研究所，昆明650205)摘要：在滇池流域农田，重点是滇池滨湖区和人滇河流柴河流域，选择不同土地利用类型、不同种植年限大棚采集土壤样品进行气相色谱(ECD)分析。结果表明，试区土壤中

2、有机氯农药(OCP。)检出率为95．9％，OCPs的残留量范围、平均值分别为nd～63．4肛g·kg、6．3txg·kg，以p，P’一DDE为主要残留物，98．3％的样点达到国家《土壤环境质量标准》一级标准(<50肛g·kg。1)。与国内同类报道相比，滇池周边土壤中OCP。的残留较低。不同土地利用类型有机氯残留量排序为：设施栽培>水稻田>露天菜地>荒草地>坡耕地；不同大棚种植年限土壤中，棚龄长于15a的OCP。残留量要明显高于棚龄短于15a的，而棚龄短于15a的，土壤中OCP。含量差异不明显。关键词：土壤

3、；有机氯农药；残留中图分类号：X592文献标志码：A文章编号：1672—2043(2010)04—0674—06ResiduesCharacteristicsofOrganochlorinePesticidesintheCultivatedSoilsfromDianchiLakeWatershedYINKe-su01一，WUWen-wei2，ZHANGXue-yan2，GUOZhi-xian92,DAIXue-fan92，HECheng-xin92，XUHan-hon91(1．KeyLaboratol7o

4、fNaturalPesticideandChemicalBiology，MinistryofEducation，SouthChinaAgriculturalUniversity，Guangzhou510642，China；2．InstituteofAgriculturalEnvironmentandResource，YAAS，Kunming650205，China)Abstract：Surfacesoils(0～20cmdepth)oftypicalcultivatedfieldwerecollected

5、inDianchiLakewatershed(especiallyDianchiLakesideandChaiheRiverwatershed)，andorganochlorinepesticideresidues(OCPs)，representedwithDDTsandHCHs，wereanalyzedbygaschromatographywithECDdetector．TheresultsshowedthatOCPsrangedfromnoneto63．4斗g‘kgweredetectedin95．9

6、％ofthesoilsamples，andtheaveragelevelwas6．3斗g·kg～．Thep，p7-DDEwasthemainOCPscomponent，whichindicatedthattheresiduesinsoilswerepossiblyresultedfromhistoricaluseofOCPs．neconcentrationsofDDTsandHCHsin98．3％ofsampleswerelowerthan50txg。kg，whichshowedthatthesesoil

7、shadreachedthefirstleveloftheNationalSoilEnvironmentQualityStandard．TheeffectofsoilutilizationandhistmTofgreenhousecultivationonthelevelofpesticideresiduesinsoilswerealsodiscussed．Theamountofpesticideresiduesaccordingtodifferentlanduseinorderwasshownasfol

8、lows：greenhousesoil>paddysoil>openvegetablesoil>grasslandsoil>slopinglandsoil．Thecon—centrationsofOCPsinsoilsampleswithmorethan15yeamcultivatedhistmTwerehigher，whilethedifferenceofOCPsresiduesamountwasnotsignificant