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1、WuhanWuhan(simplifiedChinese:武汉;traditionalChinese:武漢;pinyin:Wǔhàn;Mandarinpronunciation: [wu˧˩xan˥˩][Listen](help·info))isthecapitalofHubeiprovince,People'sRepublicofChina,andisthemostpopulouscityincentralChina.ItliesattheeastofJianghanPlain,andtheinte
2、rsectionofthemiddlereachesoftheYangtzeandHanRiver.Arisingoutoftheconglomerationofthreeboroughs,Wuchang,Hankou,andHanyang,Wuhanisknownas"thenineprovinces'leadingthoroughfare";itisamajortransportationhub,withdozensofrailways,roadsandexpresswayspassingthro
3、ughthecity.ThecityofWuhan,firsttermedassuchin1927,hasapopulationofapproximately9,100,000people(2006),withabout6,100,000residentsinitsurbanarea.Inthe1920s,WuhanwasthecapitalofaleftistKuomintang(KMT)governmentledbyWangJingweiinoppositiontoChiangKai-shek,n
4、owWuhanisrecognizedasthepolitical,economic,financial,cultural,educationalandtransportationcenterofcentralChina.HistoryTheareawasfirstsettledmorethan3,000yearsago.DuringtheHanDynasty,Hanyangbecameafairlybusyport.Inthe3rdcenturyADoneofthemostfamousbattles
5、inChinesehistoryandacentraleventintheRomanceoftheThreeKingdoms—theBattleofRedCliffs—tookplaceinthevicinityofthecliffsnearWuhan.Aroundthattime,wallswerebuilttoprotectHanyang(AD206)andWuchang(AD223).ThelattereventmarksthefoundationofWuhan.InAD223,theYello
6、wCraneTower(黄鹤楼)wasconstructedontheWuchangsideoftheYangtzeRiver.CuiHao,acelebratedpoetofTangDynasty,visitedthebuildingintheearly8thcentury;hispoemmadethebuildingthemostcelebratedbuildinginsouthernChina.Thecityhaslongbeenrenownedasacenterforthearts(espec
7、iallypoetry)andforintellectualstudies.UndertheMongolrulers(YuanDynasty),Wuchangwaspromotedtothestatusofprovincialcapital.Byapproximately300yearsago,Hankouhadbecomeoneofthecountry'stopfourtradingtowns.WuhanCustomHouse,openedin1862Inthelate19thcenturyrail
8、roadswereextendedonanorth-southaxisthroughthiscity,whichthenbecameanimportanttransshipmentpointbetweenrailandrivertraffic.Atthistimeforeignpowersextractedmercantileconcessions,withtheriverfrontofHankoubeingdividedupintovariousfor
