基于改进自适应遗传算法的PMU优化配置.pdf

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1、第43卷第2期电力系统保护与控制Vlo1．43NO．22015年1月l6曰PowerSystemProtectionandControlJan．16．2015基于改进自适应遗传算法的PMU优化配置徐岩，郅静(新能源电力系统国家重点实验室(华北电力大学)，河北保定O71003)摘要：为了利用最少数目的相量测量单元(PMU)保证电力系统在正常运行时和线路N-1故障时都能完全可观，提出一种基于改进自适应遗传算法(IAGA)的PMU优化配置方法。将PMU配置分为两个阶段：第一阶段以PMU安装数目最少和正常运行时系统完全可观为目标配置PMU；第二阶段在已有配置结果的基础上继续安装PMU，以保证线路1故

2、障时系统仍完全可观。修改IAGA中交叉概率和变异概率的计算公式，克服了当群体最大适应度值与平均适应度值相等时进化停滞的缺点，优化了进化过程，同时方便了数学计算；对每一代个体进行防早熟操作，消除了由交叉运算和变异运算的偶然性及随机性导致的进化早熟。算例分析结果表明，该方法在PMU配置数目、配置方案种类、收敛性及实用性上有显著优势，证明了该方法的正确性和优越性。关键词：电力系统；相量测量单元(PMU)；遗传算法；防早熟操作；N-1故障OptimalPMUconfigurationbasedonimprovedadaptivegeneticalgorithmXUYan，ZHIJing(Statek

3、eyLaboratoryofAlternateEeleetricalPowerSystemwithRenewableEnergySources(NorthChinaElectricPowerUniversity)，Baoding071003，China)Abstract：Forthepurposeofusingtheleastnumberofphasormeasurementunit(PMU)toensurethepowersystemcompleteobservabilityunderthenormalcircumstancesandwithanⅣ_1faultoftransmission

4、line．anoptimalPMUconfigurationmethodbasedonimprovedadaptivegeneticalgorithm(IAGA)isputforward．TheconfigurationofPMUisdividedintotwostages．ThefirststagetakestheminimumnumberofinstalledPMUsandthesystemobservabilityunderthenormalcircumstancesastargetstoconfiguratePMU．ThesecondstagecontinuestoinstallPM

5、UinordertoensurethesystemobservabilitywithallAL1faultoftransmissionline．ThecalculationformulasofcrossoverprobabilityandmutationprobabilityofIAGAaremodified，whichovercometheshortcomingofevolutionarystagnationwhenthelargestfitnessvalueandtheaveragefitnessvalueinthegroupareequa1．Besides，itoptimizesthe

6、evolutionaryprocessandmakesthemathematicalcalculationsconvenient．Thepreventingprematureoperationisemployedoneachindividualtoeliminatetheprematureconvergenceresultingfromthechanceandrandomnessofthecrossoverandmutation．TheresultsshowthatthismethodhassignificantadvantagesintheinstalledPMUnumber,thediv

7、ersityofsolution，theastringencyandthepracticability．Thecorrectnessandsuperiorityofthemethodareverified．Keywords：powersystem；phasormeasurementunit(PMU)；geneticalgorithm；preventingprematureoperation；Ⅳ一1fault中