不同年代玉米品种根系对低氮干旱胁迫的响应分析.pdf

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1、作物学报ACTAAGRONOMICAS／NICA2015，4l(7)：1112—1120http：／／zwxb．chinacrops．org／ISSN0496—3490；CODENTSHPA9E—mail：xbzw@chinajouma1．net．cnDoI：1O．3724／SP．J．1006．2015．01112不同年代玉米品种根系对低氮干旱胁迫的响应分析牛平平穆心愿张星杨春收李潮海1，河南农业大学农学院／河南粮食作物协同创新中心，河南郑州450002；郑州市粮丰农业科技有限公司，河南郑州450002摘要：以1973年

2、以来5个主推玉米品种中单2号、丹玉13、掖单13、农大108、郑单958以及新品种豫单606为材料，在低氮和低氮干旱复合胁迫下，研究了品种更替过程中根系变化特征。结果表明，随年代推进，玉米品种根干重、根长及根表面积呈先升后降又升的趋势，早期品种的3个根系性状逐渐增加，以获取更多的水分和养分，现代品种的3个根系性状逐渐减少，以减少冗余器官的消耗，而新品种有所上升，以满足产量持续增长所需水分和养分。在低氮和低氮干旱复合胁迫下，与早期品种相比，现代品种根干重变化小，但根长和根表面积增加多，根系平均直径变细，伤流量减少不显著。上

3、述结果表明，不同年代玉米品种根系逐渐优化，现代品种根系形态调节能力增强，对低氮和低氮干旱复合胁迫的耐性提高。关键词：不同年代；玉米；根系；低氮；低氮干旱复合胁迫ResponseofRootsofMaizeVarietiesReleasedinDifferentYearstoLowNi-trogenandDroughtStressesNIUPingPing，MUXin．Yuan，ZHANGXing，YANGChun．Shou，andLIChao—Hai，AgronomyCollege，HenanAgriculturalUn

4、iversity／CollaborativeInnovationCenterofHenanGrainCrops，Zhengzhou450002，China；ZhengzhouLiangfengSeedIndustryCo．Ltd．，Zhengzhou450002，ChinaAbstract：Thechangesinrootcharacteristicswerestudiedunderlownitrogenstress(LN1andcombinedstressoflownitrogenanddrought(LD)using

5、sixmaizevarietiesreleasedfrom1973to2009，includingZhongdan2，Danyu13，Yedan13，Nongda108，Zhengdan958，andanewvarietyYudan606．Theresultshowedthatrootdryweight，rootlengthandrootsurfaceareaoftheva—rietiesincreasedatfirstandthendecreased．finallyincreasedagainintheprocesso

6、ftime．Theincreaseofthethreeparametersinearlierreleasedvarietiescouldgetmorewaterandnutritionfromsoil．thedecreaseoftheseinlaterreleasedvarietieswasavail．abletoreducetheredundantorgan’Sdrymatterconsumption．andtheincreaseagainoftheseinthenewvarietywouldmeetwaterandn

7、utritionrequirementsforyieldincreasecontinuously．Comparedwiththeoldvarieties．rootdrvweightofthemodemvarie．tieschangedsmaller,rootlengthandsurfaceareasincreasedmore，rootaveragediameterbecamethinner,rootbleedingsapde—creasednon—significantlyundertheLNandLDcondition

8、s．Theseresultssuggestedthatrootcharacteristicsofthevarietieshavebeenoptimizedgradually,theadjustmentabilityofrootmorphology,andtheLNandLDstresstoleranceinmodem