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1、MastitisinDairyCattle奶牛的乳房炎美国谷物协会供稿马春生翻译NormalMilk正常的牛奶Color–white,oryellow-white颜色－白色或淡黄色Novisibleclotsorflakes没有可见的凝块或絮片SomaticCellCount(SCC)<100,000perml体细胞数计数每毫升小于10万MastitisMilk乳房炎奶Abnormalcolor颜色不正常Visibleflakesorclots有可见的凝块或絮片SCCalmostalways>200,000/ml体细胞计数总是大于每毫升20万SCCfrom100,000to200,000
2、isquestionable(chronicmastitisorrecoveringfrommastitis)体细胞计数10万-20万为可疑（慢性乳房炎或正在从乳房炎痊愈）SomaticCellCount(SCC)体细胞计数Somaticcellsarecellsfoundinmilkandaremostlywhitebloodcellswithsomemammaryepithelialcells体细胞是在牛奶中发现的细胞。大多数为白血球，带有一些乳腺上皮细胞。Mostcommoncellinmastitismilkistheneutrophil乳房炎奶中最普遍的细胞是嗜中性白细胞。So
3、maticCellCountandLossinProduction体细胞计数与产奶量的损失RelationshipofSCCandProduction体细胞计数与产奶量的关系Above50,000cells/mlthereisalossofproductionof0.68kgperdayforeachunitofincreaseinthelinearscore.OreachdoublingoftheSCC每毫升体细胞超过5万时，线性评分每增加一个单位每日产奶量就损失0.68千克。或每个分值使体细胞计数增加一倍。Ex…from200,000to400,000cellspermlthedai
4、lylossincreasesfrom1.36to2.04kg例如，体细胞计数每毫升从20万增加到40万，产奶量每头日损失就从1.36千克增加到2.04千克。ClassificationofMastitis乳房炎的分类Transmission:ContagiousorEnvironmental传播：传染性或环境性Disease:ClinicalorSub-clinical发病：临床或亚临床Diseaseduration:AcuteorChronic发病的持续时间：急性或慢性Transmission:Contagious传播：接触性传染Contagiousmastitis:spreadfr
5、omcowtocowthroughmilkingmachines,handsofmilkers,andotherformsofcontactbetweencows传染性乳房炎：母牛之间通过挤奶机、挤奶员的手或母牛之间的其它接触形式来传染。Examples:Streptococcusagalactiae,举例：无乳链球菌Staphylococcusaureus,andMycoplasma金黄色葡萄球菌，支原体（菌）Transmission:Environmental传播：环境性的EnvironmentalMastitis:Theorganismispresentintheenvironme
6、nt–bedding,manure,cowskinsurface,milkingequipment,andmilker’shands环境性乳房炎：这种微生物存在于环境中－褥草、粪便、母牛的表皮、挤奶设备和挤奶员的双手。Examples:Streptococcusuberus,otherStrepnon-agalactiae,coagulasenegativestaph,coliforms,actinomycespyogenes,etc..例如：乳房链球菌、其他的非无乳链球菌、凝固酶阴性葡萄球菌、大肠杆菌、放线化脓菌等。ClinicalandSub-clinical临床和亚临床Clinic
7、alMastitis:Traditionalclassification–visibleclotsandflakes临床乳房炎：传统分类－有可见的凝块和絮片。Sub-clinical:OnlyevidenceishighSCC,orpositivebacterialcultureofmastitisorganism亚临床：只是体细胞计数明显地高，或乳房炎微生物的细菌培养呈阳性。DiseaseOnsetandDuration疾病的发作
