四川省成都市金牛区成都外国语学校2023-2024学年高二上学期12月月考英语 Word版含解析.docx

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成都外国语学校2023-2024学年高二上12月月考英语试卷(考试时间：120分钟试卷满分：150分)第一部分听力(共两节，满分20分)第一节(共5小题;每小题1分，满分5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.Wherearethespeakersgoingtomeet?A.Inalab.B.Inacafeteria.C.Inaclassroom.2.WhatwillJefftaketoschooltomorrow?A.Anapplepie.B.Acarrotcake.C.Aroastchicken.3.Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?A.Gettingalibrary.B.Visitinganeighbor.C.Attendingameeting.4.WhatwillJimprobablydothisweekend?A.Finishaproject.B.Takeaclass.C.Havearest.5.WhydoesAmandawanttolearntoplaytheguitar?A.Torecordpopularsongs.B.Toperformherownmusic.C.Tobecomeaguitarteacher.第二节(共15小题，每小题1分，满分15分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6.Whatdoesthewomanwanttodo?A.Cancelacreditcard.B.Openabankaccount.C.Withdrawsomemoney.7.Wherewillthewomango?A.BrownCollege.B.DudleyRoad.C.KingfieldStreet.听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。8.Whatdoesthewomando?A.She’sasecretary.B.She’samanager.C.She’sasalesperson. 9.Whattimewillthemeetingprobablybeover?A.At1:00.B.At2:00.C.At3:00.10.WhatdoesthemanwanttodobeforeFriday?A.MeetMr.Smith.B.Writeadocument.C.Movetoanewoffice.听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。11.Whosegraduationdayisittoday?A.Annie’s.B.Steve’s.C.Jane’s.12.Whatdoesthemansuggestthewomando?A.Arriveearly.B.Sitnearthestage.C.Takesomepictures.13.Whatistherelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Brotherandsister.B.Fellowteachers.C.Schoolmates.听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。14.HowdoesLaurasoundatthebeginningoftheconversation?A.Anxious.B.Regretful.C.Surprised.15.WhatdoweknowaboutPeter?A.Hehasabighouse.B.Hehasfourchildren.C.Hehasgotanewjob.16.WhydidJimchoosetoworkfromhome?A.Togetmoresleep.B.Tolookafterthekids.C.Toaccompanyhiswife.17.WhatisPetergoingtodothisafternoon?A.Holdadinner.B.GiveSallyacall.C.Attendameeting.听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。18.WhatisJenniferGreendoing?A.Conductingaclass.B.Presentingaspeaker.C.Recommendingabook.19.WhatisProfessorBastian’sbookabout?A.Tipsforescapingunhappiness.B.Benefitsofpainfulexperiences.C.Waystodevelopreadingability.20.WhatisProfessorBastiangoingtodonext?A.Sharehisstories.B.Discusshisplans.C.Explainhisviews.第二部分阅读理解(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 ATheBestCavesinTheWorldHangSonDoong,VietnamNaturalcavesdon’tcomemuchlargerthanHangSonDoong,closetotheborderbetweenLaosandVietnam.Thiscavepossessesthelargestcross-sectionofanyknowncaveontheplanet,avastareathatisdifficulttodescribe.Supposedly,aBoeing747couldflythroughwithoutdamagingitswings,butthatdoesn’treallydojusticetothevastnessofHangSonDoong.Thestalactites(钟乳石)hereareprettymassivetoo,withsomereachingupto80metres.WaitomoCaves,NewZealandGlowworms(萤火虫)arethere,asfarastheeyecansee.Okay,notliterally,buttheWaitomoCavesystemonNewZealand’sNorthIslandisbest-knownforthefluorescentfaunathatlightupthewalls,givingitthenot-particularly-creativebutcompletelyacceptable“GlowwormCaves”nickname.Theyaremoreaccessiblethanothercavesonthislist,withraftingandadventuretoursavailabletothoselookingforsomethingalittlemorethrilling.MammothCave,theUSAIfyouhavecertainexpectationsfromsomewherecalled“MammothCave”,thatisentirelyunderstandable.MammothCaveinKentuckyistheworld’slongestknowncavesystem,anincredible420milesofundergroundwonder.That’stwiceaslongasthenextlongest,bytheway,althoughitisn’tunusualfortheUSAtogoalloutonsuchthings.ReedFlute(芦笛)Cave,ChinaNamedafterthereedsthatgrowoutside,whichareusedtomakeflutes,obviously,theReedFluteCave’swallsarecoveredwithinscriptionsfromcenturiesgoneby—ifevidencewasneededthatpeoplehavebeenpayingattentiontothisplaceforalongoldtime.Theinsidepartofthecaveisalsolitupbymulticolouredlights,givingitarealotherworldlythemethataddsweighttothenickname.1.WhatisspecialaboutHangSonDoong?A.Itwasonceabaseofafactory.B.Itisthedeepestcaveintheworld.C.Ithasthehigheststalactitesintheworld.D.Itownsthelargestcross-sectionintheworld.2.Whichofthefollowingcanbemucheasiertoenter?A.HangSonDoong.B.WaitomoCaves. C.MammothCave.D.ReedFluteCave.3.Whichcountryprobablyhasthelongestcavesystemintheworld?A.Vietnam.B.NewZealand.C.TheUSA.D.China.【答案】1.D2.B3.C【解析】【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了世界上的几个洞穴：越南的韩松洞，新西兰的怀托摩洞穴，美国的猛犸洞，中国的芦笛洞。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据文章“HangSonDoong,Vietnam”部分内容“Thiscavepossessesthelargestcross-sectionofanyknowncaveontheplanet,avastareathatisdifficulttodescribe.(这个洞穴拥有地球上所有已知洞穴中最大的横截面，面积之大难以形容)”可知，韩松洞的特别之处在于其拥有世界上最大的横截面。故选D项。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据文章“WaitomoCaves,NewZealand”部分内容“Theyaremoreaccessiblethanothercavesonthislist,withraftingandadventuretoursavailabletothoselookingforsomethingalittlemorethrilling.(它们比这个名单上的其他洞穴更容易进入，对于那些寻找更刺激的东西的人来说，可以进行漂流和冒险之旅)”可知，新西兰的怀托摩洞穴在所列举的洞穴中是更容易进入的。故选B项。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据文章“MammothCave,theUSA”部分内容“MammothCaveinKentuckyistheworld’slongestknowncavesystem,anincredible420milesofundergroundwonder.(肯塔基州的猛犸洞穴是世界上已知最长的洞穴系统，一个令人难以置信的420英里的地下奇迹)”可知，美国肯塔基州的猛犸洞穴有世界上最长的洞穴系统。故选C项。BWhenAllieandChloeKnuthdecidedtobothattendtheUniversityofWisconsin-EauClaire,thetwinsfromGreenBaywereexcitedtoshareacampusbutalsodeterminedtohavetheirowndistinctexperiencesandfollowtheirownacademicpaths.Fouryearslater—astheygraduatetogetherthismonth—thetwinssaythingsworkedoutevenbetterthantheycouldhaveexpected.UW-EauClaire’scampusissmallenoughthattheirlivessometimesoverlap(重叠),yetbigenoughthateachofthemhashadroomtostretchandgrowasindividuals.“ItmeansalottograduatealongsideeachotherandIwouldn’twantitanyotherway,”saysChloe,whowillearnherdegreeininternationalbusinessandmanagementwithcertificatesinMandarinChineseandleadership studies.“GraduatingcollegeisamomentousexperienceandIlovethatIwillbewalkingwithmysister.”Allie,whowillgraduatewithadegreeinbiologyandacertificateinChineselanguage,originallyplannedtogotoUW-Madison.However,ascollegeneared,AlliedecidedtogotoUW-EauClaireaswell,adecisionChloesupported.“Ididn’twanttobewithoutmytwinsister,”Alliesaysofherdecision.“Itmeansagreatdealtobegraduatingwithmysisterbecauseshehasalwaysbeenthereforme.”Theysharedsomeexperiencesandaccomplishmentsduringtheircollegecareers.ForexampletheybothcompletedcertificatesinChinese.AsAsianAmericans,itwasimportantforthemtolearnmoreaboutChineselanguageandculture.AllieandChloealsoareactiveintheUniversityHonorsProgram,aprogramwheretheywereabletoexploreinterestingtopicsthatfelloutsidetheiracademicprogram.“Thisprogramisnotjustsomethingtoputonmyresume;ithadavastpositiveinfluenceonmycollegeexperience,”saysAllie.ChloeandAlliecontributedagreatdealtotheHonorsprogram,Dr.HeatherFieldingsays.Theyinvestedtimeandeffortintohelpingotherstudents,especiallynewstudents,toadapttocollegeanddevelopasenseofbelonging,shesays.4.WhatdidAllieandChloeKnuthexpectintheuniversity?A.Bothearnedgenuineadmirationoftheircolleagues.B.Bothwereenormouslytrainedphysicallyandmentally.C.Bothenhancedtheiracademyandexperienceindividually.D.Bothreceivedsupportandencouragementfromtheuniversity.5.WhichofthefollowingcanbestdescribeAllieandChloeKnuth?A.Cautiousandunconcerned.B.Optimisticandcourageous.C.Considerateandenthusiastic.D.Demandingandgenerous.6.Whatcanwelearnfromthelastparagraph?A.Thetwinsbenefitedalotfromtheprogram.B.Thetwinsfocusedontheacademicprogram.C.Thetwinswontheirnewjobsthroughtheprogram.D.Thetwinsregrettedgettinginvolvedintheprogram.7.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A.Thetwinsdevelopedasenseofbelongingsthroughtheprogram.B.Thetwinsearnedcertificatesinsomemajorsinthesameuniversity.C.UniversityofWisconsin-EauClaireofferedscholarshipforthetwins.D.Graduatingtwinsvaluedcommonexperiencestofollowtheirownpaths. 【答案】4.C5.C6.A7.D【解析】【分析】这是一篇记叙文。主要介绍了双胞胎Allie和ChloeKnuth共同进入威斯康星大学欧克莱尔分校，但各自有自己独特的求学经历，现在他们即将毕业。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据文章首段“WhenAllieandChloeKnuthdecidedtobothattendtheUniversityofWisconsin-EauClaire,thetwinsfromGreenBaywereexcitedtoshareacampusbutalsodeterminedtohavetheirowndistinctexperiencesandfollowtheirownacademicpaths.”（当Allie和ChloeKnuth决定都进入威斯康星大学欧克莱尔分校时，这对来自GreenBay的双胞胎很兴奋能共享一个校园，但也决定有自己独特的经历，走自己的学术道路。）可知，Allie和ChloeKnuth希望在大学能提高各自的学术和经验。故选C项。【5题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段的尾句“GraduatingcollegeisamomentousexperienceandIlovethatIwillbewalkingwithmysister.”（大学毕业是一段难忘的经历，我很高兴能和姐姐一起走在路上。）根据第四段的第三句“Ididn’twanttobewithoutmytwinsister”（我不想失去我的双胞胎妹妹）和第四句“Itmeansagreatdealtobegraduatingwithmysisterbecauseshehasalwaysbeenthereforme.”（能和妹妹一起毕业对我意义重大，因为她一直支持着我。）可知，AllieandChloeKnuth是彼此相互关心，考虑周到的。根据尾段的第一句“AllieandChloealsoareactiveintheUniversityHonorsProgram,aprogramwheretheywereabletoexploreinterestingtopicsthatfelloutsidetheiracademicprogram.”（AllieandChloe也活跃在大学荣誉项目中，在这个项目中，他们能够探索学术项目之外的有趣话题。）可知，她们是热情的。故选C项。【6题详解】推理判断题。根据尾段的第二句“Thisprogramisnotjustsomethingtoputonmyresume;ithadavastpositiveinfluenceonmycollegeexperience”（这个项目不只是写在我的简历上;它对我的大学经历产生了巨大的积极影响。）可知，这个项目使她们受益。故选A项。【7题详解】主旨大意题。根据文章首段“WhenAllieandChloeKnuthdecidedtobothattendtheUniversityofWisconsin-EauClaire,thetwinsfromGreenBaywereexcitedtoshareacampusbutalsodeterminedtohavetheirowndistinctexperiencesandfollowtheirownacademicpaths.”（当Allie和ChloeKnuth决定都进入威斯康星大学欧克莱尔分校时，这对来自GreenBay的双胞胎很兴奋能共享一个校园，但也决定有自己独特的经历，走自己的学术道路。）根据第二段“Fouryearslater—astheygraduatetogetherthismonth—thetwinssaythingsworkedoutevenbetterthantheycouldhaveexpected. ”四年过去了，当他们在这个月一起毕业的时候，这对双胞胎说事情进展得比他们预想的还要好。可知，即将毕业的双胞胎们看重共同的经历来走自己的路。故选D项。CFeelexhaustedafteraparty?Ratherseeoneclosefriendthanagroupofacquaintances?Enjoyyourowncompany?Inourworld,thatmakesyouanintrovert(内向的人).However,there’sanotherpossibleexplanation—verticalattachment.Ifyouareclosertoyourparentsandfamilymembersthantoyourpeers,youareverticallyattached,whichmeansyourelymoreonfamilyforcomfort.Ifyouareclosertoyourpeers,thenyouarepeerattached.Weliveinapeer-orientedworld.Webelievethathavinglotsoffriendsmeansthatwearewell-adjusted.Weputourkidsinplaygroupsanddaycareforpeerinteraction.Weexpectteenagerstowanttohangoutwiththeirfriends,thinkingitisthenaturalwayofthings.Result?Generationsoftenfeelworldsapart.Weusedifferentlanguage,dress,andtechnologyapps.Evenifmultiplegenerationsareinvitedtothesameparty,thekidsgotothebasementplayroomwhiletheparentsstayupstairs.Vertically-attachedindividualscanfeeloutofplaceinthiscontext,demonstratingthetracesofintroversion.Willtheybeexhaustedafterapartywithsame-agedacquaintances?Absolutely.Wouldtheyratherspendtimewithoneclosefriend?Sure.Dotheyenjoyalonetime?Yes,morethantheyenjoytimefittinginwithpeers.It’snormalthatmanypeopleneedalonetimetorecharge.However,vertically-attachedpeopleoftenlabelthemselvesasintroverted.Theyfeelinsecurethatothershavemorefriendsandlivericherlives.Theyclaimthattheirfamilyattachmentsarisefromtheirlovedonesbeingstuckwiththem.Ifyoufeeltheseinsecurities,knowthatthereisnothingwrongwithyou,andyouarenotmissingoutonanything.Yourattachmentstyleisjustdifferentfromtheculturewhereyoulive.Haveconfidenceinthestrengthoftherelationshipsyouhave,whetheritiswithamomwhofeelsmorelikeabestfriend,oragrandmotherwithwhomyoucanshareanything.Theyaremeaningful,enrichingrelationships,eveniftheylookdifferentfromtheculturalnorm.8.Whoisverticallyattachedaccordingtothetext?A.Mike,whofeelsateasewithhisteachers.B.Maggie,whoenjoysfilmtimealoneatweekends.C.Tom,whofeelsburntoutafterafamilyget-together.D.Lisa,whooftenturnstoherdadwhenthingsarehard.9.Whatisthepopularbeliefamongparents?A.Youngergenerationsshouldbeself-disciplined.B.Beingsociableisadesiredqualityfortheirchildren. C.Theirchildrenneedmorefriendsthantheythemselvesdo.D.Differentgenerationsshouldhavedifferentcirclesofacquaintances.10.Whatadviceisgiventovertically-attachedpeople?A.Bethatasitmay,justleaveitasitis.B.Neverunderestimateyourinnerpower.C.Hangoutmorewithfriendsandadjusttoit.D.Treatothersthewayyouwanttobetreated.11.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardsvertically-attachedpeople?A.Biased.B.Objective.C.Unconcerned.D.Critical.【答案】8.D9.B10.A11.B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章探讨了垂直依恋类型人格。文章指出，在当今以同龄人为主导的世界中，人们往往认为拥有大量朋友意味着适应良好，而垂直依恋的人在这种环境中可能会感到不安，被贴上内向的标签。然而，文章强调，无论依恋方式如何，每个人都有自己独特的关系和情感需求，应该对自己的依恋方式有信心。【8题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段中“However,there’sanotherpossibleexplanation—verticalattachment.Ifyouareclosertoyourparentsandfamilymembersthantoyourpeers,youareverticallyattached,whichmeansyourelymoreonfamilyforcomfort.(然而，还有另一种可能的解释——垂直依恋。如果你与父母和家庭成员的关系比与同龄人的关系更近，你是垂直依恋型的，这意味着你更依赖家庭来获得安慰。)”可知，垂直依恋类型的人更依赖父母和家庭成员。由此推知，在遇到困难的时候经常向父亲求助的Lisa很可能属于垂直依恋类型。故选D项。【9题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中“Webelievethathavinglotsoffriendsmeansthatwearewell-adjusted.Weputourkidsinplaygroupsanddaycareforpeerinteraction.Weexpectteenagerstowanttohangoutwiththeirfriends,thinkingitisthenaturalwayofthings.(我们相信有很多朋友意味着我们适应得很好。我们把孩子放在游戏小组和日托中心进行同伴互动。我们期望青少年想和他们的朋友出去玩，认为这是很自然的事情。)”可知，家长们普遍希望他们的孩子具备善于交际的品质。故选B项。【10题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Ifyoufeeltheseinsecurities,knowthatthereisnothingwrongwithyou,andyouarenotmissingoutonanything.Yourattachmentstyleisjustdifferentfromtheculturewhereyoulive.Have confidenceinthestrengthoftherelationshipsyouhave,whetheritiswithamomwhofeelsmorelikeabestfriend,oragrandmotherwithwhomyoucanshareanything.Theyaremeaningful,enrichingrelationships,eveniftheylookdifferentfromtheculturalnorm.(如果你感到这些不安全感，要知道你没有任何问题，你没有错过任何东西。你的依恋类型与你所处的文化不同。对你所拥有的人际关系的强度要有信心，无论是与感觉更像最好朋友的母亲，还是与你可以分享任何事情的祖母。即使它们看起来与文化规范不同，但它们是有意义的、丰富的关系。)”可知，作者建议垂直依恋型的人要正确看待自己的人际关系，要有信心。由此推知，作者会建议“不管怎样，让它顺其自然”。故选A项。【11题详解】推理判断题。通读全文，结合第五段中“However,vertically-attachedpeopleoftenlabelthemselvesasintroverted.Theyfeelinsecurethatothershavemorefriendsandlivericherlives.(然而，垂直依恋型的人通常给自己贴上内向的标签。别人有更多的朋友，过着更富裕的生活，他们感到不安全。)”和最后一段中“Ifyoufeeltheseinsecurities,knowthatthereisnothingwrongwithyou,andyouarenotmissingoutonanything.Yourattachmentstyleisjustdifferentfromtheculturewhereyoulive.Haveconfidenceinthestrengthoftherelationshipsyouhave,whetheritiswithamomwhofeelsmorelikeabestfriend,oragrandmotherwithwhomyoucanshareanything.Theyaremeaningful,enrichingrelationships,eveniftheylookdifferentfromtheculturalnorm.(如果你感到这些不安全感，要知道你没有任何问题，你没有错过任何东西。你的依恋类型与你所处的文化不同。对你所拥有的人际关系的强度要有信心，无论是与感觉更像最好朋友的母亲，还是与你可以分享任何事情的祖母。即使它们看起来与文化规范不同，但它们是有意义的、丰富的关系。)”可知，作者在文中分析了垂直依恋类型的问题，但同时也说明垂直依恋并没有错，要自信面对。由此推知，作者对其持客观态度。故选B项。DToday’sBrusselssprouts(孢子甘蓝)tastebetterthanyoumightrememberfromchildhood,andthatisbecauseanewvarietyhasreplacedtheoriginalvegetable.Youcanthankplantbreeders(植物育种家)forthechange.Modernbreeders,armedwithnewgene-editingtechnology,arelookingtoreproduceBrusselssprouts’reinvention.Inthelate1990s,scientistsdiscoveredspecificchemicalswhichmadeBrusselssproutstastebitter.Plantbreedersstartedgrowingoldseeds,previouslyabandonedduetopooryields(产量),tolookfortastierversionswithlowerlevelsofthesespecificchemicals.Thentheycrossedthesedeliciousbutlow-yieldplantswithhigh-yieldindividualsuntiltheyfoundaversionthatmadeplentyoftastysprouts,transformingthevegetablefromabitterpillintoapopulardish.Butothervegetableshaven’tfaredaswell.That’sbecausemostbreedingdecisionsfavorplanttraitsthatmattertovegetablegrowers,notvegetableeaters.Forinstance,diseaseresistanceisprobablythemajorfocusthesedays ofmostbreedingprogramsbecausethatpreventsthefarmerfromgrowingthecrop.Thetasteofvegetablesisignored.People,however,arenowbecominginterestedinprioritizingthetasteofvegetablesthanksinparttonewgenetictechnologysuchasthegene-snippingtechniqueCRISPRandDNAsequencingwhichischeapenoughtousewidely.“There’sneverbeenabettertimetobeafruitbreederoravegetablebreederbecausewehavemoretoolsandtechniques,”saysSusanBrown,anapplebreederatCornellUniversity.Somecompaniesarebeginningtousethosetoolstodealwiththechallengeofdevelopingtastiervegetables.Onecompany,Pairwise,isfightingthesamecompoundsthattroubledBrusselssprouts:glucosinolates.Butthistimeresearchersareimprovingtheflavorofsaladgreens.Allvegetablegrowershopethatmoreflavorfulproductsonstoreshelveswillconvincepeopletoconsumetherecommendedallowances(推荐量)offruitsandvegetables—anddosobetterthandecadesofnutritionalguidancehave.“Don’twasteyourtimetalkingabouttryingtoeducatepeopletoeatbetter,”saidHarryKlee,aprofessorwhospecializesintomatobreeding.“Justgivethemproductsthattastebetterandthattheywanttoeat.”12.WhydidplantbreedersgrowoldBrusselssproutseeds?A.TofindoutwhyBrusselssproutsarebitter.B.TofindthelessbitterversionsofBrusselssprouts.C.TostudythespecificchemicalsofBrusselssprouts.D.Toselecthigh-yieldingversionsofBrusselssprouts.13.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“fared”inparagraph3mean?A.ProfitedB.Emerged.C.Survived.D.Succeeded.14.WhatcanwelearnfromSusanBrown’swordsinparagraph4?A.Fruitandvegetablebreedingtechniquesarebooming.B.Fruitandvegetablebreedingtechniquesneednofurtherimprovement.C.Fruitandvegetablebreedersarestrugglingtodevelopnewspecies.D.Fruitandvegetablebreedersshoulddevelopnewgenetictechnology.15WhichisthebestwaytogetpeopletoeatmorefruitsandvegetablesaccordingtoHarryKlee?A.Enhancingthetasteofvegetablesandfruits.B.Makingvegetablesandfruitsmoreaffordableforpeople.C.Improvingthenutritionalcontentofvegetablesandfruits.D.Educatingpeopleaboutthebenefitsofvegetablesandfruits.【答案】12.B13.D14.A15.A 【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了科学家通过育种来让孢子甘蓝变得没那么苦，这一成功主要是因为基因技术的发达，一些公司开始使用这些工具来应对开发更美味蔬菜的挑战。【12题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段“Thentheycrossedthesedeliciousbutlow-yieldplantswithhigh-yieldindividualsuntiltheyfoundaversionthatmadeplentyoftastysprouts,transformingthevegetablefromabitterpillintoapopulardish.(然后，他们将这些美味但产量低的植物与产量高的个体杂交，直到找到一种能长出大量美味嫩芽的品种，把这种蔬菜从一颗苦药丸变成了一道受欢迎的菜)”可推知，植物育种家种植老球孢子甘蓝种子是为了寻找不那么苦的孢子甘蓝。故选B。【13题详解】词句猜测题。根据第二段“Thentheycrossedthesedeliciousbutlow-yieldplantswithhigh-yieldindividualsuntiltheyfoundaversionthatmadeplentyoftastysprouts,transformingthevegetablefromabitterpillintoapopulardish.(然后，他们将这些美味但产量低的植物与产量高的个体杂交，直到找到一种能长出大量美味嫩芽的品种，把这种蔬菜从一颗苦药丸变成了一道受欢迎的菜)”以及划线词后文“That’sbecausemostbreedingdecisionsfavorplanttraitsthatmattertovegetablegrowers,notvegetableeaters.Forinstance,diseaseresistanceisprobablythemajorfocusthesedaysofmostbreedingprogramsbecausethatpreventsthefarmerfromgrowingthecrop.Thetasteofvegetablesisignored.(这是因为大多数育种决定都有利于蔬菜种植者的植物性状，而不是吃蔬菜的人。例如，抗病性可能是目前大多数育种计划的主要焦点，因为这阻碍了农民种植作物。蔬菜的味道被忽略了)”结合but表示转折，可推知，上文提到种植老球芽甘蓝种子是为了寻找不那么苦的抱子甘蓝，后文则说蔬菜的味道被忽略了可知其他的蔬菜没有成功。故划线词意思是“成功”。故选D。【14题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段“People,however,arenowbecominginterestedinprioritizingthetasteofvegetablesthanksinparttonewgenetictechnologysuchasthegene-snippingtechniqueCRISPRandDNAsequencingwhichischeapenoughtousewidely.“There’sneverbeenabettertimetobeafruitbreederoravegetablebreederbecausewehavemoretoolsandtechniques,”saysSusanBrown,anapplebreederatCornellUniversity.(然而，人们现在开始对蔬菜的味道感兴趣，这在一定程度上要归功于新的基因技术，如基因剪切技术CRISPR和DNA测序，这些技术足够便宜，可以广泛使用。康奈尔大学的苹果育种专家苏珊•布朗表示：“现在是水果育种或蔬菜育种的最佳时机，因为我们有更多的工具和技术。”)”可推知，苏珊·布朗的话表明水果和蔬菜育种技术正在蓬勃发展。故选A。【15题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段““Don’twasteyourtimetalkingabouttryingtoeducatepeopletoeatbetter,”saidHarryKlee,aprofessorwhospecializesintomatobreeding.“Justgivethemproductsthattastebetterandthattheywanttoeat.”(“不要浪费时间谈论如何教育人们吃得更好，”专门研究番茄育种的教授HarryKlee说。“只要给他们提供味道更好、他们想吃的产品就行了。”)”可知，根据HarryKlee的说法，让人们多吃水果和蔬菜的最好方法是提高蔬菜和水果的味道。故选A。第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Withclimatechangecontinuingtoworsen,oursituationisbeginningtofeelincreasinglyserious.____16____Isitright?Maybenot.Techno-optimismisoneofthegreatestmisconceptionswhenitcomestosolutionstoensureourfuture.Itcanbedefinedasabeliefthatfuturetechnologieswillsolveallofourcurrentproblems.Thisdefinitionreinforces(强化)theideathatthere’snoreasontopanicorchangeourcurrentenergy-intensivelifestyle.Allsocietyneedstodoislooktogreentechnologytoworkitsmagic.____17____Oneofthebestexamplesofthisoptimisticmisconceptionistheelectriccar.Despitebeinghighlyregardedasaneco-friendlywaytogetaround,electriccarsarenottheendforthefutureoftransport.Batteriesinelectriccarsusechemicalelementswhichwecouldbeseeingashortageofbythemidcentury.____18____Techno-optimismhasledmanytobelievethatifeveryonejustswitchedtodrivingelectricvehicles,wewouldbemakingincrediblestepstowardssustainability.However,therealityisthattheamountofresourcesandenergyneededtoproduceenoughelectricvehiclesforeveryoneisnotevenremotelysustainable.____19____Investinginpublictransportationandmovingawayfromindividuallyownedvehicles.Producingfewercars.Improvingrecyclingpracticesofoldbatteries.Thesolutionsweseekshouldnotberootedinnewtechnology,butbeaboutchangingthewayoursocietyfunctions.Techno-optimismputstoomuchemphasisontechnologyandnotenoughonwhatwecandorightthisminute.Unfortunately,peopleseemtolikethepicturethattechno-optimismpaints.____20____Itisimportanttounderstandthattheproblembeginswhenweseethosetechnologiesasawaytomakeourcurrentlifestyleseco-friendly.Untilwearereadytofacetheneedforalesscomplexlife,wecannotmaketrueprogresstowardssustainability.A.Sowhereshouldwelookforanswersinstead?B.Themodernworld’ssimplesolutionistechnology.C.Moreover,theyaremoreenergyintensivetoproduce. D.Isitatrapthatmanypeoplehavefallenintoinrecentyears?E.Unfortunately,thisisanincrediblydangerousopiniontohold.F.Despiteanytechnology,weasawholearenotlivingsustainably.G.Nevertheless,thetruthis,weneedawidespreadchangeinourlifestyles.【答案】16.B17.E18.C19.A20.G【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章指出“技术乐观主义”试图用技术解决当前的气候问题，作者用电动汽车的例子来证明这种想法似乎是没用的。改变我们的社会运作方式，以及人们的生活方式才是解决问题的关键所在。【16题详解】根据上文“Withclimatechangecontinuingtoworsen,oursituationisbeginningtofeelincreasinglyserious.(随着气候变化的持续恶化，我们的情况开始变得越来越严重)”可知，气候问题持续恶化，人类的情况开始变得越来越严重。由此推知，人类可能会采取解决气候问题的办法。结合下文“Techno-optimismisoneofthegreatestmisconceptionswhenitcomestosolutionstoensureourfuture.Itcanbedefinedasabeliefthatfuturetechnologieswillsolveallofourcurrentproblems.(当谈到确保我们未来的解决方案时，技术乐观主义是最大的误解之一。它可以被定义为相信未来的技术将解决我们当前的所有问题)”可知，人们试图依靠技术来解决气候问题。B项“Themodernworld’ssimplesolutionistechnology.(现代世界的简单解决方案就是技术)”符合题意。故选B。【17题详解】空处位于段末应承接上文。根据上文“Techno-optimismisoneofthegreatestmisconceptionswhenitcomestosolutionstoensureourfuture.Itcanbedefinedasabeliefthatfuturetechnologieswillsolveallofourcurrentproblems.Thisdefinitionreinforces(强化)theideathatthere’snoreasontopanicorchangeourcurrentenergy-intensivelifestyle.Allsocietyneedstodoislooktogreentechnologytoworkitsmagic.(当谈到确保我们未来的解决方案时，技术乐观主义是最大的误解之一。它可以被定义为相信未来的技术将解决我们当前的所有问题。这个定义强化了这样一种观点，即没有理由恐慌或改变我们当前的能源密集型生活方式。社会所需要做的就是期待绿色技术发挥其魔力)”可知，上文提到了“没有理由恐慌或改变我们当前的能源密集型生活方式”这种观点，由此推知，下文应对这种观点进行评价。E项“Unfortunately,thisisanincrediblydangerousopiniontohold.(不幸的是，这是一个极其危险的观点)”符合题意。故选E。【18题详解】根据上文“Oneofthebestexamplesofthisoptimisticmisconceptionistheelectriccar.Despitebeinghighlyregardedasaneco-friendlywaytogetaround,electriccarsarenottheendforthefutureoftransport.Batteriesin electriccarsusechemicalelementswhichwecouldbeseeingashortageofbythemidcentury.(电动汽车就是这种乐观误解的最好例子之一。尽管电动汽车被高度认为是一种环保的出行方式，但它并不是未来交通的终点。电动汽车中的电池使用的化学元素到本世纪中叶可能会出现短缺)”可知，上文提到了电动汽车的弊端。结合本段主要谈论“乐观误解”推知，空处应继续对电动汽车的弊端进行陈述。C项“Moreover,theyaremoreenergyintensivetoproduce.(此外，它们的生产更耗能)”符合题意。故选C。【19题详解】空处位于段首，应为本段主旨句或引出本段内容。根据下文“Investinginpublictransportationandmovingawayfromindividuallyownedvehicles.Producingfewercars,Improvingrecyclingpracticesofoldbatteries.Thesolutionsweseekshouldnotberootedinnewtechnology,butbeaboutchangingthewayoursocietyfunctions.(投资公共交通，远离个人拥有的车辆。生产更少的汽车，改善旧电池的回收利用做法。我们寻求的解决方案不应该植根于新技术，而应该改变我们社会的运作方式)”可知，作者认为我们应该改变社会的运作方式，这才是解决气候问题的办法。A项“Sowhereshouldwelookforanswersinstead?(那么，我们应该在哪里寻找答案呢？)”符合题意，引出本段内容，下文是对该问题的回答。故选A。【20题详解】根据上文“Techno-optimismputstoomuchemphasisontechnologyandnotenoughonwhatwecandorightthisminute.Unfortunately,peopleseemtolikethepicturethattechno-optimismpaints.(技术乐观主义过于强调技术，而对我们现在能做的事情却不够重视。不幸的是，人们似乎喜欢技术乐观主义所描绘的画面)”和下文“Itisimportanttounderstandthattheproblembeginswhenweseethosetechnologiesasawaytomakeourcurrentlifestyleseco-friendly.(重要的是要理解，当我们将这些技术视为使我们当前的生活方式环保的一种方式时，问题就开始了)”可知，人们似乎更喜欢依靠技术解决问题，当我们把技术视为当前的环保生活方式时，问题就开始了。由此可知，要解决气候问题，不能只依靠技术，关键是要从很大程度上改变我们的生活方式。G项“Nevertheless,thetruthis,weneedawidespreadchangeinourlifestyles.(然而，事实是，我们需要广泛改变我们的生活方式)”符合题意。故选G。第三部分语言运用(共三节，满分40分)第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。WhenEugenieGeorgefirstheardthatherfriendpassedafinancialexam,herheartsank.She’d___21___thesametestweeksearlier.“Envywaseatingmeup,”recallsGeorge.Butanywayshe___22___herfriend.“AndItoldherIfailedandadmittedIwas___23___,”shesays.Georgeknewthatbeing___24___wouldeaseherenvy,butshewassurprisedthatitalsoenabledherto___25___herfriend’shappinessandexperienceherowninturn. Finding___26___inanotherperson’sgoodfortuneiswhatsocialscientistscallfreudenfreude,thegreatjoywefeelwhensomeoneelsesucceeds,___27___itdoesn’tdirectlyinvolveus.Freudenfreudeislikeakindofsocial___28___,saysCatherineChambliss,aprofessorofpsychology.Itmakesrelationships“closerandmoreenjoyable.”Toooften,wethinkourfriends___29___usmostduringtheirhardtimes:ajob___30___,gettingdivorced.Infact,howfriends___31___ourjoyisevenmoreimportantforusthanhowtheyrespondtoour___32___.Toooften,wethinkofjoypassively.Weseeitassomethingthatcometous,insteadofsomethingwecan___33___.Whileitcanbedifficultinpractice,freudenfreudecanliftusupand___34___ourday.Socelebratingourfriends’___35___isawin-wintousall.21.A.takenB.passedC.failedD.prepared22.A.congratulatedB.forgaveC.blamedD.ignored23.A.badly-behavedB.over-burdenedC.short-sightedD.green-eyed24.A.toughB.honestC.tolerantD.optimistic25.A.imagineB.understandC.shareD.increase26.A.hopeB.passionC.confidenceD.pleasure27.A.evenifB.asifC.nowthatD.sothat28.A.platformB.glueC.boosterD.routine29.A.supportB.annoyC.upsetD.need30.A.lossB.changeC.interviewD.application31.A.lookforwardtoB.contributetoC.getusedtoD.reactto32.A.envyB.complaintsC.sufferingD.mistakes33.A.predictB.produceC.chooseD.measure34.A.fillB.startC.brightenD.balance35.A.survivalB.successC.recoveryD.generosity【答案】21.C22.A23.D24.B25.C26.D27.A28.B29.D30.A31.D32.C33.B34.C35.B【解析】【导语】本文是夹叙夹议文。文章通过讲述EugenieGeorge在面对朋友通过财政咨询测试，从最初的情绪消沉到随后坦诚地告知朋友自己对她的羡慕以及朋友对自己的激励，这种态度的转变让她不仅体验到朋友的快乐，也找寻到属于自己的幸福。最终提出结论：从另一个人的好运中寻找快乐会使你们的关系更加亲密和愉快。分享别人的快乐也可以培养韧性，提高生活满意度，帮助人们在冲突中合作。 【21题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：几周前，她没能通过同样的测试。A.taken拿；B.passed通过；C.failed失败；D.prepared准备。根据后文“AndItoldherIfailed”可知，她失败了。故选C项。【22题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：但不管怎样，她还是祝贺了她的朋友。A.congratulated祝贺；B.forgave原谅；C.blamed指责；D.ignored忽视。根据前文“WhenEugenieGeorgefirstheardthatherfriendpassedafinancialexam”可知，她的朋友通过考试，应是祝贺她的朋友。故选A项。【23题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我告诉她我失败了，并承认我嫉妒了。A.badly-behaved表现差的；B.over-burdened负担过重；C.short-sighted目光短浅的；D.green-eyed嫉妒的。根据前文“Envywaseatingmeup”可知作者是嫉妒的。故选D项。【24题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：乔治知道，诚实会减轻她的嫉妒，但令她惊讶的是，这也使她能够分享朋友的快乐，并反过来体验自己的快乐。A.tough艰难的；B.honest诚实的；C.tolerant宽容的；D.optimistic乐观的。根据前文“AndItoldherIfailedandadmittedIwas　　　3　　　”可知，作者承认她嫉妒了，所以是诚实的。故选B项。【25题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：乔治知道，诚实会减轻她的嫉妒，但令她惊讶的是，这也使她能够分享朋友的快乐，并反过来体验自己的快乐。A.imagine想象；B.understand懂；C.share分享；D.increase增加。根据后文“Finding　　　6　　　inanotherperson’sgoodfortune”可知，在从别人的好运中找到快乐，也就是分享他人的快乐。故选C项。【26题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：从别人的好运中找到快乐就是社会科学家所说的Freudenfreude，当别人成功时，我们会感到极大的快乐，即使这与我们没有直接关系。A.hope希望；B.passion激情；C.confidence信心；D.pleasure快乐。根据前文“italsoenabledherto　　　5　　　herfriend’shappiness”可知，分享她朋友的快乐，所以是找到快乐。故选D项。【27题详解】考查连词词义辨析。句意：从别人的好运中找到快乐就是社会科学家所说的Freudenfreude，当别人成功时，我们会感到极大的快乐，即使这与我们没有直接关系。A.evenif即使；B.asif好像…一样；C.nowthat由于；D.sothat以便。根据后文“itdoesn’tdirectlyinvolveus.”结合选项，应是“即使这与我们没有直接关系”之意符合语境。故选A项。 【28题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：心理学教授凯瑟琳·查布利斯(CatherineChambliss)说，Freudenfreude就像一种社会粘合剂。A.platform平台；B.glue粘合剂；C.booster拥护者；D.routine常规。根据后文“Itmakesrelationships“closerandmoreenjoyable.””可知，Freudenfreude让人际关系“更亲密、更愉快”，所以是粘合剂。故选B项。【29题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：很多时候，我们认为朋友在困难时期最需要我们：失业、离婚。A.support支持；B.annoy使生气；C.upset使烦恼；D.need需要。根据后文“duringtheirhardtimes”可知，朋友在困难时期应该是需要我们符合实际。故选D项。【30题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：很多时候，我们认为朋友在困难时期最需要我们：失业、离婚。A.loss丢失；B.change改变；C.interview面试；D.application申请。根据前文“duringtheirhardtimes”可知，在困难时期的事，应是丢失工作。故选A项。【31题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：事实上，对我们来说，朋友对我们快乐的反应比他们对我们痛苦的反应更重要。A.lookforwardto期待；B.contributeto有助于；C.getusedto习惯；D.reactto对…有反应。根据后文“howtheyrespondtoour　　　12　　　.”可知，空处和后文作比较，应是同一动作作比价，所以应是对快乐的反应。故选D项。【32题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：事实上，对我们来说，朋友对我们快乐的反应比他们对我们痛苦的反应更重要。A.envy嫉妒；B.complaints投诉；C.suffering痛苦；D.mistakes错误。根据前文“Infact,howfriends　　　11　　　ourjoy”可知，空处应是和joy相对应，作比较，结合选项，应是“suffering痛苦”符合语境。故选C项。【33题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们把它看作是我们与生俱来的东西，而不是我们能够创造出来的东西。A.predict预测；B.produce制造；C.choose选择；D.measure测量。根据前文“Toooften,wethinkofjoypassively.Weseeitassomethingthatcometous,insteadof”可知空处表转折，与“与生俱来的东西”相对的是“创造出来的东西”。故选B项。【34题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：虽然在实践中可能很困难，但Freudenfreude可以让我们振作起来，照亮我们的一天。A.fill填满；B.start开始；C.brighten照亮；D.balance平衡。根据前文“freudenfreudecanliftus upand”可知，空处和liftusup并列，结合选项，应是“照亮我们的一天”符合语境。故选C项。【35题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：所以庆祝朋友的成功对我们来说是双赢的。A.survival生存；B.success成功；C.recovery恢复；D.generosity慷慨。根据前文“Socelebratingourfriends’”结合选项和前文内容可知，应是“庆祝朋友的成功”符合语境。故选B项。第二节(共10小题;每小题1分，满分10分)用方框中所给短语的适当形式填空(每个短语只能用一次，其中有两个短语是多余的)。beblamedoninfavorofinharmonywithcatchone’seyebehometobringtolifetakeinmakeanappearancebeconcernedaboutinthelongtermuseupreachout36.________allhismoney,poorlittleTomhadnochoicebuttoborrowsomefromhisroommate.37.Themoviestar________intheUNESCOforumtocallonmorepeopletoprotecttheculturalheritagesiteslastSaturday.38.Thoughheisnotthefirstactor________thischaracterfromthefamousbook________onthescreen,hisvividactingattractsalargernumberoffans.39.Moreandmorepeoplehavebecomeawarethattourismshoulddevelop________nature.40.Seatedontheferryand________thebeautifulsceneryalongLiRiver,Jamesfeltproudofthecountry’snaturallandscapes.41.Watchingshortvideosmaybringamomentofhappiness,butitisharmful________asitleadstolackofconcentration.42.Itwasthefirsttimethattheyoungboy________hishandstoastrangerforfood,whichmadehimsoembarrassed.43.Thefailureoftheexperimentcanhardly________him.Afterall,itisteamwork.44.Thosewhoare________Maria’sproposalhavevotedforher.45.Agreatmanypeople________theendangeredspeciesinthisnaturereserveandtheyarecallingonmorepeopletotakeaction.【答案】36.Havingusedup37.madeanappearance38.①.tobring②.tolife 39.inharmonywith40.takingin41.inthelongterm42.hadreachedout43.beblamedon44.infavorof45.areconcernedabout【解析】【36题详解】考查固定短语。句意：可怜的小汤姆花光了所有的钱，只好向他的室友借一些。根据“borrowsomefromhisroommate”以及句意“花光”可知应填useup，与逻辑主语Tom构成主动关系，且表示已经完成，应用havingdone形式。首字母大写。故填Havingusedup。【37题详解】考查固定短语。句意：上周六，这位电影明星出现在联合国教科文组织论坛上，呼吁更多人保护文化遗产。根据“intheUNESCOforumtocallonmorepeopletoprotecttheculturalheritagesites”以及句意“出现”可知应填makeanappearance，根据后文lastSaturday可知为一般过去时。故填madeanappearance。【38题详解】考查固定短语。句意：虽然他不是第一个将这本名著中的角色搬上银幕的演员，但他生动的表演吸引了更多的粉丝。根据“hischaracterfromthefamousbook”以及句意“搬上银幕”可知应填bring...tolifeonthescreen，此处为不定式作后置定语修饰actor。故填①tobring；②tolife。【39题详解】考查固定短语。句意：越来越多人已经意识到旅游业应该与自然和谐发展。根据“becomeawarethattourismshoulddevelop”以及句意“和谐发展”可知应填inharmonywith，故填inharmonywith。【40题详解】考查固定短语。句意：坐在渡船上，欣赏漓江沿岸的美景，詹姆斯为这个国家的自然景观感到自豪。根据“thebeautifulsceneryalongLiRiver”以及句意“欣赏”可知应填takein，与逻辑主语James构成主动关系，故用现在分词作状语。故填takingin。【41题详解】考查固定短语。句意：看短视频可能会带来片刻的快乐，但从长远来看，它是有害的，因为它会导致注意力不集中。根据“Watchingshortvideosmaybringamomentofhappiness”以及句意“从长远来看”可知应填inthelongterm，作状语。故填inthelongterm。 【42题详解】考查固定短语。句意：这是这个小男孩第一次向陌生人伸手要吃的，这让他很尴尬。根据“hishandstoastrangerforfood”以及句意“伸手”可知应填reachout，此处为句型Itwasthefirsttimethat+过去完成时。故填hadreachedout。【43题详解】考查固定短语。句意：实验的失败不能归咎于他。毕竟，这是团队合作。根据“Thefailureoftheexperiment”以及句意“归咎于”可知应填beblamedon，can后跟动词原形。故填beblamedon。【44题详解】考查固定短语。句意：赞成玛丽亚建议的人都投了她的票。根据“Maria’sproposalhavevotedforher”以及句意“赞成”可知应填infavorof，故填infavorof。【45题详解】考查固定短语。句意：很多人都关心这个自然保护区的濒危物种，他们呼吁更多的人采取行动。根据“theendangeredspecies”以及句意“关心”可知应填beconcernedabout，陈述事实用一般现在时，主语为Agreatmanypeople，谓语用复数。故填areconcernedabout。第三节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Inthe12thcentury,theSouthernSongDynastymoveditscapitaltoLinan.NearLin’an,onthebanksofLakeTaiisthecityofSuzhou.Givenitslocationnearthecapitalandits___46___(nature)beauty,Suzhoubecameapreferredplace___47___(live).Thus,therewereover300gardens___48___(build)here,andmorethan60arestillin___49___(exist).Amongthesegardens,theHumbleAdministrator’sGarden(ZhuozhengYuan)isthelargestandthemostfamous,andwaterpoolstakeup___50___thirdofitsarea.___51___(surround)thewaterpoolsisaluxuriant(繁茂的)groupofflowers,plants,andtrees,all___52___(careful)chosenaccordingtothewaytheirseasonalcolorsreflectoffthesparklingwaterbelow.AsistypicalofSuzhougardens,thisgarden___53___(separate)intodifferentsections,offeringvariouskindsofspaces___54___diverseshapesandsizesthatrepresentdifferentmoodsandfeelings.Sinceitissuchalargegarden,withcaves,forests,islands,bridges,paths,andallsortsofpavilionsandhalls,nosimpledescriptionofthegardenwilldo.____55____youhavetodoiswalkamongthewaterandplants,enjoyeverymoment,andfindyourowntreasuresdependingonyourmoodthatday.【答案】46.natural47.tolive 48.built49.existence50.a##one51.Surrounding52.carefully53.isseparated54.in55.What【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了苏州的拙政园的情况。【46题详解】考查形容词。句意：由于其靠近首都的地理位置和自然美景，苏州成为人们首选的居住地。修饰名词beauty应用形容词natural，故填natural。【47题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：由于其靠近首都的地理位置和自然美景，苏州成为人们首选的居住地。此处名词place后跟不定式作后置定语。故填tolive。【48题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：因此，这里建造了300多个花园，至今仍有60多个。分析句子结构可知build与逻辑主语gardens构成被动关系，故用过去分词，故填built。【49题详解】考查名词。句意：因此，这里建造了300多个花园，至今仍有60多个。作介词的宾语，应用名词existence，故填existence。【50题详解】考查分数表达。句意：拙政园是其中最大、最著名的园林，水池占其面积的三分之一。表示“三分之一”短语为a/onethird。故填a/one。【51题详解】考查时态。句意：水池周围是一群繁茂的花卉、植物和树木，所有这些都是根据它们的季节颜色反射在波光粼粼的水面上的方式精心挑选的。分析句子结构可知，该句为完全倒装句，结合后文is可知为现在进行时，首字母大写。故填Surrounding。【52题详解】考查副词。句意：水池周围是一群繁茂的花卉、植物和树木，所有这些都是根据它们的季节颜色反射在波光粼粼的水面上的方式精心挑选的。修饰chosen应用副词carefully，故填carefully。【53题详解】 考查时态语态。句意：作为典型的苏州园林，这个园林被分成不同的部分，提供不同形状和大小的各种空间，代表不同的情绪和感受。主语与谓语构成被动关系，陈述事实用一般现在时的被动语态，主语为garden，谓语用单数。故填isseparated。【54题详解】考查介词。句意：作为典型的苏州园林，这个园林被分成不同的部分，提供不同形状和大小的各种空间，代表不同的情绪和感受。短语indiverseshapes表示“以不同的形状”。故填in。【55题详解】考查主语从句。句意：你要做的就是走在水和植物之间，享受每一刻，根据当天的心情找到属于自己的宝藏。引导主语从句，从句缺少宾语，指物应用what，首字母大写。故填What。第四部分书面表达(共两节，满分40分)第一节应用文写作(20分)56.假定你是红星中学高二年级学生李华。你获悉三星堆博物馆(SanxingduiMuseum)正在招募寒假英文讲解志愿者，向外国游客介绍古蜀文化(ancientShuculture)。请你用英文给相关负责人写一封申请信，内容包括：1、说明写信原因；2、介绍自身优势；3、希望能被录用。注意：1、词数100左右；2、开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。3、可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。DearSirorMadam,_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yourssincerely,LiHua【答案】DearSirorMadam,IamLiHua,currentlyasecond-yearstudentatHongxingHighSchool.KnowingthatSanxingduiMuseumisrecruitingvolunteerEnglishguidesduringtheupcomingwintervacation,Iamwritingtoexpressmystronginterestinapplyingforthisexcitingopportunity. OneofmystrengthsliesinmyproficiencyinEnglish,coupledwithmyinterpersonalskillstoengagewithforeignvisitors,whichmakesmeanidealcandidateforthisrole.Additionally,mydeepadmirationforancientShucultureandthedesiretocontributetoitspromotionfurtherdrivemycommitmenttothisposition.I’dappreciateitifyoucouldtakemyapplicationintoconsideration.Lookingforwardtoyourreply.Yourssincerely,LiHua【解析】【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。假定你红星中学高二年级学生李华。你获悉三星堆博物馆(SanxingduiMuseum)正在招募寒假英文讲解志愿者，向外国游客介绍古蜀文化(ancientShuculture)。请你用英文给相关负责人写一封申请信。【详解】1.词汇积累假期：vacation→holiday机会：opportunity→chance优点：strength→advantage回复：reply→answer2.句式拓展同义句替换原句：KnowingthatSanxingduiMuseumisrecruitingvolunteerEnglishguidesduringtheupcomingwintervacation,Iamwritingtoexpressmystronginterestinapplyingforthisexcitingopportunity.拓展句：BecauseIknowthatSanxingduiMuseumisrecruitingvolunteerEnglishguidesduringtheupcomingwintervacation,Iamwritingtoexpressmystronginterestinapplyingforthisexcitingopportunity.【点睛】【高分句型1】KnowingthatSanxingduiMuseumisrecruitingvolunteerEnglishguidesduringtheupcomingwintervacation,Iamwritingtoexpressmystronginterestinapplyingforthisexcitingopportunity.(运用了非谓语动词现在分词作状语)【高分句型2】OneofmystrengthsliesinmyproficiencyinEnglish,coupledwithmyinterpersonalskillstoengagewithforeignvisitors,whichmakesmeanidealcandidateforthisrole.(运用了关系代词which引导的非限制性定语从句)第二节读后续写(20分)57.阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写故事的最后一段，使故事完整。续写的词数应为80左右。“Wanted:Violin.Can’tpaymuch.Call...” Irarelyreadclassifiedadvertisements.SowhydidInoticethat?Ilaidthepaperonmylapandclosedmyeyes,rememberingwhathadhappenedmanyyearsbefore,whenmyfamilystruggledtomakealivingonourfarm.I,too,hadwantedaviolin,butwedidn’thavethemoney.Whenmyarmsgrewlongenough,howIwantedone!ButIknewitwasoutofthequestion.Itwasnotagoodyear.Atharvestthecropsdidnotbringasmuchaswehadhoped.Yeteventhoughtimeswerehard,Icouldn’twaitanylongertoask,“Daddy,mayIhaveaviolinofmyown?”Daddylookedsad.Thatnight,andmanyfollowingnights,Iheardhimprayinourfamilydevotions,“...Marywantsherownviolin.”Oneeveningweallsataroundthetable.Daddywrotealettertohisfriend,MrFinkle,afineviolinist.WhenDaddyreceivedaletterfromColumbusafewweekslater,heannounced,“We’llbedrivingtoColumbus.”Thedayfinallyarrived.AfterwegotthereMrFinkle,atallmanolderthanDaddy,openedthedoor.“Comein!”heandDaddyheartilyshookhands,bothtalkingatonce.Hepickedupacase,openedit,liftedoutaviolinandstartedtoplay.Themelodysurgelikewaterfalls.Oh,toplaylikehim,Ithought.“Carl,Ifounditinapawnshopforsevendollars.It’sagoodviolin.Maryshouldbeabletomakeabeautifulmusicwithit.”Thenhehandedtheviolintome.InoticedthetearsinDaddy’seyesasIfinallycomprehended.Itwasmine!Istrokedtheviolingently.Thewoodwasagoldenbrownthatseemedtowarminthelight.“It’sbeautiful.”Isaid,barelybreathing.IknewDaddy’sprayerandminehadbeenanswered.BackhomeIpractiseddaily,feelingnotiredness.WhenIwasreadytojointheschoolorchestra(管弦乐队)Itrembledwithexcitement.DaddyandMothersmiledproudlyintheaudienceattheirlittlegirlwhoheldhercherishedviolinfortheworldtoadmire.Theyearsseemedtorunmoreswiftlythen.Ipackedmyviolininitscaseandsteppedintothegrown-upworld.Nurse’straining,marriage,working,bringingupfourdaughtersfilledmyyears.Yetnoneofmychildrencaredabouttheviolin.注意：1.续写字数应为80词左右;2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。Iputmythoughtstothepresentandreadagaintheadvertisement._______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】参考范文： Iforcedmythoughtstothepresentandreadagaintheadvertisement.Layingthepaperaside,Iwenttofindmyviolin.AndIdialedthenumber.Laterthatafternoon,anoldcarstoppedinmydriveway.Amaninhisthirtieswithayounggirlknockedonthedoor.“I’vebeenprayingsomeonewouldanswermyadvertisement.Mydaughterwantsaviolinsobadly.”Hesaid,“Howmuchareyouasking?”“Sevendollars,”Isaid.Ihandedthecasetothegirl.Sheopenedthecaseandtouchedtheviolinlightlyasitcaughttheglowofthelate-afternoonsun.Thenshethrewherarmsroundhersmilingfather.Iforcedmythoughtstothepresentandreadagaintheadvertisement.Determinedtopassonthegift,Ireachedouttotheadvertiser.Afatherandhislittlesonarrivedtoclaimtheviolin,gratitudelightinguptheirfaces.AsIhandedovertheinstrument,Ifeltjoy,knowingIhadfounditalovinghome,justassomeonehaddoneformeyearsago.Atthatmoment,Irealizedthebeautifulcycleofkindness,passingonthegiftofmusicandwarmth,justasithadbeenbestoweduponme.Iforcedmythoughtstothepresentandreadagaintheadvertisement.Inthespiritofgoodwill,Icontactedtheadvertiserandofferedmyviolinforthemodestsumof7dollars.Thenextday,amotherandherdaughtereagerlyclaimedtheinstrument.AsIhandeditover,themother’seyesglistenedwithgratitude.“Ican’tbelievewefoundaviolinforourdaughteratsuchaprice,”sheexclaimed.Ismiled,understandingthatthetruevalueoftheexchangewasn’tmeasuredindollarsbutinthesharedjoyofmusic.Theviolin,oncemine,nowembarkedonanewchapter,playingmelodiesofhopeandharmonyforamotheranddaughtertocherish.【解析】【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者小时候想要一把小提琴，但家里买不起。尽管日子很艰难，爸爸还是通过朋友给作者买到了小提琴。后来作者成年了，小提琴也没有再练，于是作者把小提琴送给了一个报纸上想买琴的女孩。【详解】1.段落续写：由首句内容“我把思绪集中到现在，又读了一遍广告”可知，后文可描写作者联系买家，最后送出了小提琴。2.续写线索：读广告——打电话——敲门——询问价格——作者送琴3.词汇激活行为类放到一边：layaside/setaside回应：answer/reply打开：open/unfold 情绪类轻柔：lightly/withtendercare非常：badly/extremely【点睛】[高分句型1]Layingthepaperaside,Iwenttofindmyviolin.(运用了现在分词作状语)[高分句型2]Sheopenedthecaseandtouchedtheviolinlightlyasitcaughttheglowofthelate-afternoonsun.(运用了as引导时间状语从句)听力答案：1-5BAACB6-10BBACA11-15CACCB16-20BCBBC