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1、郑和船队所到最远之地并非今肯尼亚---一篇具有划时代意义的论文作者:张治强INTRODUCTIONThereare15placenamesmarkedatthesouthernandeasterncoastsofAfricancontinentontheZhengHeNauticalChart.Theauthordecoded5placenamesamongthem:哈必儿isHobyo,木鲁旺isMerka,起若儿isKilwa,即哈剌isSofalaand门肥赤shouldbeMalgache.T
2、henheinferedthatthe麻林地ontheChartisatthesouthernendofAfrica.Althoughtherearen'tlandsouthof麻林地,therearenineunnamedislandswhicharen'thardtoknowtheseislandsjustarethoseonesneartheAntarctica.Thepaperpointsoutthat"麻林"isn'taplacename,butitisastatename.Itrelate
3、dnotwiththe麻林地ontheChart.Byinference,thestate“麻林”maybeistheanciantMali.ThenavigationofZhengHeFleetalongtheAfricansouthernandeasterncoastsrecordedontheChart,wasnotfromnorthtosouth,butwasfromsouthtonorth.ThatisfromMalindilocatedatthesouthernendofAfricatoC
4、apeGuardafuiinSomalia.AsforwhereZhengHeFleetnavigatedtoMalindifrom?authorthinksthattheAfricanrouterecordedontheChartisonlyasectionofthecourseofhomeboundnavigation,aftersendingenvoyofstateMaligohome,asorderedbyChengzu,emperorofMingdynasty,whentheFifthNav
5、igationtoWesternOcean(1417-1419).IfmovingeyeballseastwardalongthebottomedgeoftheChartfromtheMalindi’slocation,you'llseeapieceofland.Thelandhadnotbeendrawncompletely.Therehadonlybeendrawnit'snorthernendsymbolically.Somehillshadbeendrawninsideitscoastline
6、,withoutplacenamesmarked.Bothattheleftuppercornerandattherightuppercornerwerewrittenthreecharactersmeaning"therearehouseholds”.UptothelandisSumatra.Althoughthispieceoflandonlyoccupiedaverysmallpartatthebottomofeachpage,itsbreadthhasextendedacrosssomecon
7、secutivepages.CanalsoyouseetworouteswhichZhengHeFleetreturningtoNanjing,throughSouthChinaSea,thanEastChinaSea,fromsouthwestoftheland.Thewriterconcludedwithoutanyhesitancethat:thisisnoneotherthanAustraliaoftheOceania!Nowitlooksasifthegeographicrangeinclu
8、dedtheZhengHeNauticalChart,roughlyisnorthwardto33ºofnorthlatitude;southwardexceeding40ºofsouthlatitude;westwarduntil18ºofeastlongitudeandeastwardgobeyond160ºofeastlongitude.WhatisnecessarytoemphasizeistheChartitselfhastoldusthati
