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《小麦矮秆基因及抗白粉病基因的分子检测》由会员上传分享,免费在线阅读,更多相关内容在学术论文-天天文库。
1、摘要高产、优质、抗病、广适是我国现阶段小麦育种的主要目标。了解现有小麦育种骨干亲本的矮秆基因和抗白粉病基因的分布,有助于加快小麦抗倒伏以及抗白粉病育种进程。本研究利用STS、SCAR和SSR分子标记对257份小麦育种骨干亲本中的矮秆基因(Rht1、Rht2和Rht8)以及96份小麦育种亲本中的抗白粉病基因(Pm21、Pm30和Pm34)分别进行检测,明确其分布情况以及组成特点,为小麦抗病以及抗倒育种提供重要的参考价值。主要结果如下:(1)257份小麦育种亲本中,Rht1、Rht2和Rht8基因的分布频率以及组合形式存在差异。就单基因分布而言,Rht8基因分布
2、频率最高(106份,41.2%),Rht2次之(88份,34.2%),Rht1最低(70份,27.2%);就不同基因组合而言,Rht2+Rht8(25份,9.7%)>Rht1+Rht8(24份,9.3%)>Rh1+Rht2(9份,3.5%)>Rht1+Rht2+Rht8(5份,1.9%);三种类型矮秆基因均不携带的品种有60份,占23.3%。(2)96份小麦育种亲本中,Pm21、Pm30和Pm34基因分布频率高低依次为:Pm34(21份,21.87%)>Pm30(9份,9.37%)>Pm21(4份,4.17%)。其中金禾9123中聚合Pm21+Pm30两种抗
3、病基因,宜00-119中聚合Pm30+Pm34两种抗病基因。本文中没发现以Pm34+Pm21两基因聚合形式和P21+Pm30+Pm34三基因聚合形式存在的材料;三种抗白粉病基因类型均不携带的品种有60份,占62.50%。关键词:小麦,矮秆基因,抗白粉病基因,分子标记IAbstractHighyield,highquality,diseaseresistanceandgeneraladaptabilityarethemainaimsofwheatbreedinginpresentstage.Tounderstandthedistributionofdwarfi
4、nggeneandpowderymildewresistancegeneinwheatbreedingbackboneparentalvarieties,wedetectedRht1,Rht2andRht8geneof257wheatbreedingvarietiesandPm21,Pm30,andPm34geneof96wheatbreedingvarietiesusingSTS,SCARandSSRmarkers,whichcouldprovideimportantinformationforwheatlodgingandpowderymildewres
5、istancebreeding.Theresultswereasfollows:(1)In257wheatvarieties,thefrequencyofRht8gene(106,41.2%)washighest,Rht2washigher(88,34.2%)andRht1waslowest(70,27.2%)in257wheatresources.Asforgenecombination,25materials(9.7%)weredetectedtocontainRht2andRht8;24materials(9.3%)weredetectedtohave
6、Rht1andRht8;9materials(3.5%)weredetectedtocarryRht1andRht2;and5materials(1.9%)weredetectedtocontainRht1,Rht1andRht8.Sixtymaterialswithoutaboveknowngenetypeweredetected(23.3%)inthisstudy.(2)In96wheatvarieties,thedistributionofPm21,Pm30,andPm34genesandtheircombinationweredifferent.Th
7、efrequencyofPm34gene(21,21.87%)washighest,Pm30washigher(9,9.37%),andPm21waslowest(4,4.17%).What’smore,Jinhe9123(1,1.04%)wasdetectedtocontainPm21andPm30.Yi00-119(1,1.04%)wasdetectedtohavePm30andPm34.NomaterialsweredetectedtocarryPm21andPm34.WealsodidnotfindanymaterialswithP21,Pm30an
8、dPm34genepolymerization.60