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1、倒装(全部倒装和部分倒装)1.全部倒装(FullInversion),又称主谓倒装(Subject-verbInversion)。例如:Herearesomelettersforyou.Downpouredtherain.Intothecoachscrambledthechildren.2.部分倒装(PartialInversion),又称主语与助动词/晴态动词倒装(Subject-operatorInversion)。例如:NeverhaveIheardsuchnonsense.OnlytodaydidIlearnthedreadful
2、news..全部倒装句的具体用法1.用于由here,there,now,then等副词引导的句子,通常称作把时间状语或地点状语提前的倒装句,其谓语动词通常跟在时间状语或地点状语之后。例如:Thencameanewdevelopmentthathadafar-reachingeffects.Onceuponatime,therelivedamanknownbythenameofJoeBeef.Nowcomesyourturn.全部倒装句的具体用法2.在带有助动词“be”的句子中,动词-ing和-ed形式可移至句首,主语移至“be”后面,形成
3、全部倒装。例如:Runningacrossitisastream.Buriedinthesandswasanancientvillage.Picturedhereisawoodentubusedforgatheringwaterchestnuts.全部倒装句的具体用法3.为了使描写的景象更生动,常把拟声词或away,in,out,up等状语放在句首,从而引起主谓全部倒装。例如:Downitfellfromtheappletree.Thedooropened.Inrushedthecrowd.全部倒装句的具体用法4.当句子的主语较长而谓语较
4、短时,常将状语放在句首,主谓全部倒装使句子结构平衡,避免头重脚轻。例如:Faintgrowthesoundofthebell.Attheendofthekaleidoscopearetwoplates,onemadeoftheglassandtheotherofgroundglass.全部倒装句的具体用法5.用于表示祝愿的句型。例如:Mayyoulivealongandhappylife!LonglivethePeople’sRepublicofChina!部分倒装句的具体用法1.句首是否定词或带有否定意义的词语时,常用部分倒装。例如:N
5、otasinglebookhereadthatmonth.Undernocircumstancesshallwecanceltheparty.常用于这一结构的词或短语有:atno/othertime,bynomeans,undernocircumstances,hardly,scarcely,seldom,innoway,invain,little,never,rarely,few,nosooner…than,hardly…when,nowhere,notuntil,notonly…butalso,notasingleword,notfr
6、equently部分倒装句的具体用法2.句首是only引导的状语时,需要部分倒装。例如:Onlyinthiswaycanwesolvetheproblem.常用短语还有:onlybychance,onlythen,onlywithdifficulty,onlyonarareoccasion等等。部分倒装句的具体用法3.so…that结构中的so置于句首时,需要部分倒装。例如:Soabsurddidhelookthateveryonestaredathim.句首是manyatime,tosuchadegree/extent,tosuchae
7、xtremes,tosuchalengths,tosuchapoint,witheveryjustification,withgoodreason等状语时,句子需要部分倒装。例如:Tosuchadegreewasheexcitedthathecouldn’tgotosleepthatnight.部分倒装句的具体用法4.用于以neither,nor开始的省略句,表示“也不”;用于以so开始的省略句,表示“也如此”。例如:Idon’tcareforsweet.NeitherdoI.I’mnotveryfondofcarrots.NoramI.
8、Ienjoyedtheplayandsodidmysisters.部分倒装句的具体用法5.在虚拟语气中,条件从句的if省略时,had,were,should,could需与主语倒装。例如:We