unit 12 letter of intent, agreements and contracts

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1、Unit13LetterofIntent,AgreementsandContractsLearningObjectivesWhatareLetterofIntent,AgreementandContract?VariousFormsofInternationalTradeAgreementand(or)ContractExamplesThreeKindsofCommonLegalDocuments1.LetterofIntent(意向书):AletterofintentorLOIisadocumentout

2、lininganagreementbetweentwoormorepartiesbeforetheagreementisfinalized.Suchagreementsaimatclosingafinanciallyratherlargedeal.LOIsresemblewrittencontracts,butareusuallynotbindinguponthepartiesThepurposesofanLOImaybe:toclarifythekeypointsofacomplextransaction

3、fortheconvenienceofthepartiestodeclareofficiallythatthepartiesarecurrentlynegotiating,asinamergerorjointventureproposaltoprovidesafeguardsincaseadealcollapsesduringnegotiationThreeKindsofCommonLegalDocuments2.Agreement(协议书):Aconsensusofmind,orevidenceofsuc

4、hconsensus,inspokeorwrittenform,relatingtoanythingdoneortobedone.协议是对已经做或准备做的相关事宜，经过谈判、协商后取得一致意见，以口头或书面形式做出的约定。3.Contract(合同):Acontractisalegallybindingexchangeofpromisesoragreementbetweenpartiesthatthelawwillenforce.Thedifferencebetweenagreementandcontrac

5、tAlthoughoftenusedassynonymswith“contract”,agreementisabroaderterm,e.g.anagreementmightlackanessentialelementofacontact.“即“协议”和“合同”经常用作同义词，但“协议”这一术语含义更广，例如协议可能缺乏合同的必备条款（essentialclauses/provisions）。实际使用当中，协议可不受必备条款的限制，而称为合同的文体肯定少不了必备条款，有的合同将其单列，称为一般条款（Gene

6、ralprovisions）。1999中国《合同法》第十二条规定了八项一般条款，分别是：1.titleornameanddomicileoftheparities(当事人的名称或姓名和住址)2.contractobject(标的)3.quantity(数量)4.quality(质量)5.priceorremuneration(价款或者报酬)6.timelimit,placeandmethodofperformance(履行期限、地点和方式)7.liabilityforbreachofcontract(违约责

7、任)8.methodstosettledisputes(解决争议的方法)上述解释说明，contract(合同)和agreement(协议)的概念虽然接近，但使用范围不同，不能互换使用。合同是协议的重要组成部分，所有合同一定是协议，而协议不见得都是合同。可以说具备合同成立要求的具有强制执行力的协议才是合同。FormofaContractoranAgreement1.Head(首部)titlenumberdateandplacepreface2.Body(正文)styleofstipulationsstyleo

8、fformscombinationofthestylesofstipulationsandforms3.End(尾部)copiesandconserveslanguagesusedfullnameofthepartiessealsenclosure(s),ifanyRequirementsofWritingaContractoranAgreement1.Writingprincipleequalitymutual