Depression-Causes-and-Treatment-2nd-Edition

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1、DepressionSecondEditionThispageintentionallyleftblankDepressionCausesandTreatmentSecondEditionAaronT.Beck,M.D.,andBradA.Alford,Ph.D.UniversityofPennsylvaniaPressPhiladelphiaCopyright
2009AaronT.BeckAllrightsreserved.Exceptforbriefquotationsusedforpurposesofrevieworscholarlycitation,noneofthis

2、bookmaybereproducedinanyformbyanymeanswithoutwrittenpermissionfromthepublisher.PublishedbyUniversityofPennsylvaniaPressPhiladelphia,Pennsylvania19104-4112PrintedintheUnitedStatesofAmericaonacid-freepaper10987654321LibraryofCongressCataloging-in-PublicationDataBeck,AaronT.Depression:causesandt

3、reatment/AaronT.BeckandBradA.Alford.—2nded.p.cm.Includesbibliographicalreferencesandindex.ISBN978-0-8122-1964-7(alk.paper)1.Depression,Mental.I.Alford,BradA.II.Title.[DNLM:1.DepressiveDisorder.WM171B393d2008]RC537.B42008616.85
27—dc222008025522ContentsPrefacetotheSecondEditionxviiPartI.Clinic

4、alAspectsofDepression11.TheDefinitionofDepression3ParadoxesofDepression3PrevalenceofDepression4prevalenceandseveritybytypesandageatonset5DescriptiveConceptsofDepression6SemanticsofDepression8DepressionandNormalMoods92.SymptomatologyofDepression12PreviousSystematicStudies12ChiefComplaint13Sympt

5、oms15emotionalmanifestations17DejectedMood18NegativeFeelingsTowardSelf19ReductioninGratification19LossofEmotionalAttachments20CryingSpells21LossofMirthResponse22cognitivemanifestations22LowSelf-Evaluation22NegativeExpectations24Self-BlameandSelf-Criticism25Indecisiveness25DistortionofBodyImage

6、26motivationalmanifestations27ParalysisoftheWill28Avoidance,Escapist,andWithdrawalWishes29viContentsSuicidalWishes30IncreasedDependency31vegetativeandphysicalmanifestations33LossofAppetite33SleepDisturbance34LossofLibido34Fatigability35delusions36Worthlessness36CrimeandPunishment37NihilisticD

7、elusions37SomaticDelusions37Poverty38hallucinations38ClinicalExamination39appearance39retardation40agitation41VariationsinSymptoms42childrenandadolescents42culturalvariations433.CourseandPrognosis44DepressionasaClinicalEntity44ImportanceofCou