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1、1、ThefirstAmericanwriterisCaptainJohnSmith.ThefirstgovernorofPlymouthisWilliamBradford.（第一位殖民地女诗人）2、Puritanthoughts:astheworlditselfhints,Puritanswantedtomakepuretheirreligiousbeliefsandpractices.ThePuritanwasa“would-bepurifier.”ThebeliefsandpracticescharacteristicofPu
2、ritans(mostofwhomwereCalvinistswhowishedtopurifytheChurchofEnglandofitsCatholicaspects)Puritanswasthenamegiveninthe16thcenturytothemoreextremeProtestantswithintheChurchofEnglandwhothoughttheEnglishReformationhadnotgonefarenoughinreformingthedoctrinesandstructureofthech
3、urch;theywantedtopurifytheirnationalchurchbyeliminatingeveryshredofCatholicinfluence.Inthe17thcenturymanyPuritansemigratedtotheNewWorld,wheretheysoughttofoundaholyCommonwealthinNewEngland.Puritanismremainedthedominantculturalforceinthatareaintothe19thcentury.3、Theliter
4、atureofreason---Enlightenment.EnlightenmentwasoriginatedinEuropeinthe17thcentury,tousecriticalreasontofreemindsfromprejudice,authority,andoppression.(1)The18th-centuryAmericanEnlightenmentwasamovementmarkedbyanemphasisonrationalityratherthantradition,scientificinquiryi
5、nsteadofunquestioningreligiousdogma,andrepresentativegovernmentinplaceofmonarchy.(2)Enlightenmentthinkersandwritersweredevotedtotheidealsofjustice,liberty,andequalityasthenaturalrightsofman.(3)Thecolonistswhowouldformanewnationwerefirmbelieversinthepowerofreason;theywe
6、reambitious,inquisitive,optimistic,practical,politicallyastute,andself-reliant.(4)Colony----StateEnlightenmentinreligion—DEISMDEISMisareligiousphilosophy.Itbelievesthatreligioustruthisshownbyreasonappliedtoempiricalevents.Thisisincontrasttofideism-oftenfoundinChristian
7、ity,Judaism,andIslam–whichmaintainsthatreligioustruthisrevealedbyscripture,andpersonalrevelation.Deismbecamepopularduringthe17thand18thcenturies-duringtheAgeofEnlightenment-especiallyinTheUnitedKingdom,France,andUSAThoseareraisedasChristianswhofoundtheycouldnotbelievei
8、neitherthetriumvirateGod,thedivinityofJesus,miracles,ortheinerrancyofscriptures,butwhodidbelieveinoneGod,wereoftendra
