academic paper：General Introduction to Academic Writing毕业论文写作概述

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1、GeneralIntroductiontoAcademicWritingI.typesofacademicpaper1.accordingtothepurposethepaperservesa.termpaperforauniversitycourseb.researchpapertobepublishedinajournalc.thesisordissertationforauniversitydegree2.accordingtothecontentofthepapera.ExperiencePapersb.Metho

2、dologyPapersc.OpinionPapersd.SystemsPaperse.TheoryPapersII.Featuresofacademicpapers1.ObjectiveItexpressestheauthor’sunderstandingofthetopicbasedonexperiments,facts,dataandanalysis2.FormalThewordsandstructureareratherformalandrigid.Themostwidelyacceptedformatsareth

3、eAPA-format（AmericanPsychologicalAssociation）andtheMLA-format（ModernLanguageAssociation）.III.Partsofapaper61.AresearchpaperisusuallymadeupofthefollowingpartslTitlepagelAbstractlOutline(orTableofContents.Optional.Usuallyplacedrightbeforeorrightaftertheabstract)lTex

4、t(introduction,bodyandconclusion)lNotes(optional.Sometimesfiguresandtablesarealsoallowed)lWorkscited(orBibliography)lAppendix(optional.Placement:Afteralltheotherparts)lAcknowledgements(optional.Sometimesitisplacedbeforetheabstractandsometimesattheendofapaper)2.Ane

5、mpiricpaperfrequentlyfollowsthisstructure:·Title·Abstract·Introduction·Methodology·Results·Discussion·Conclusion·References6IV.stepsinpreparingaresearchpaper1.8steps/stages1)selecttopic2)exploredata3)gatherdata4)formulatethesis5)organizedataandideas6)writepaper7)r

6、eviewandrevise8)publish2.TenStepstoaGoodResearchPaperlStep1.ChooseYourTopic.Whenchoosingatopic,chooseoneinwhichyouareinterested,andforwhichthereisenoughinformation.Ifyourtopicistoobroad,youwillhavedifficultycompletingyourpaper."TheEffectsofPollution"istoobroadbeca

7、usetherearesomanyeffectsofpollution."TheEffectsofPollutiononGeeseintheNortheastSectionofDuluth,Minnesota"istoonarrow.Youarenot6likelytofindmuchinformationthatisthisspecific."TheEffectsofPollutioninYosemiteNationalPark"isjustaboutrightasatopic.lStep2.LocateInformat

8、ion.Useinformationfromavarietyofreferencesources.Thesesourcesincludeencyclopedias,almanacs,scholarlyjournals,books,magazines,andnewspapers.Findthesesour