【医学ppt课件】无菌术antisepsis

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1、无菌术ANTISEPSIS普通外科韩承新无菌术无菌术的历史无菌术的概述抗菌灭菌手术室的消毒与清洁手术人员的术前准备病员的术野准备手术进行中的无菌原则古代手术场景感染非常常见，以至于认为是不可避免的甚至是愈合过程中的必然过程也有些措施，如火烧，油烫，油膏TheAgnewClinicTheAgnewClinicdistinguishedsurgeon,Dr.DavidHayesAgnew,ontheeveofhisretirementfromtheUniversityofPennsylvaniaMedicalSchool.Thesurgicalteamisset

2、offfromtheattentivestudentsbytheilluminationfromanunseensourceofdaylight.Ayoungmemberofthesurgicalteamadministersopendropethervaporsthroughagauzeconetoalimpfemaleform.ThesurgicalteamlaborsasDr.Agnewelaboratesonhissurgicaltechniqueforcancerofthebreast."TheFirstOperationwithEther"The

3、controversyovertheinventionofgeneralanesthesiaandthefirstpublicdemonstrationofdiethyletherattheMassachusettsGeneralHospitalonOctober16,1846ismatchedbytheuncertainoriginofthisrecreationoftheeventbyRobertCutlerHinckleycompletedinParisin1892. Aphotographer(daguerreotypist),JosiahHawes

4、,issaidtohavebeensofrightenedthathewasunabletorecordthismomentousevent."TheFirstOperationwithEther"ispaintedafterthestyleofThomasEakins(1844-1916).Theparticipantshavebeenidentifiedas:GilbertAbbott,thepatient;JohnCollinsWarren,MD,thesurgeon;WilliamT.G.Morton,theanesthetist;andHenryJ

5、.Bigelow,MD,thejuniorsurgeon. Eachoneknewthathewasaparticipantinmedicalhistory.TheinscriptiononMorton'sgravesidemonumentpaystributetohimasthe"InventorandRevealerofAnestheticInhalation.BEFOREWHOMInalltimeSurgerywasAgony.BYWHOMPaininSurgerywasavertedandannulled.SINCEWHOMSciencehascon

6、trolofpain."ThepaintinghangsinthBillrothThetorchofmodernsurgerywaslitbyChristianAlbertTheodorBillroth,MD(1829-1894)whenhebecamechiefofsurgeryatAllegemeinesKrankenhauseinVienna.BillrothpassedhistechniquestomanyincludingWilliamStewartHalstead,MD(1852-1922)whointurntrainedHarveyWillia

7、msCushing,MD(1869-1939).BillrothreachedhissurgicalfameduringaBelleÉpoqueofsurgerydueinnosmallpartduetotheintroductionofetherandchloroformgeneralanesthesiainthemiddleofthe19thcentury.Theimagepaintedin1890byAdalbertFranzSeligmannshowsBillrothattheageof60demonstratingsurgeryinabrightl

8、ylit operatingtheatertoana