资源描述：
《国际经济学(克鲁格曼)教材答案解析》由会员上传分享，免费在线阅读，更多相关内容在应用文档-天天文库。
1、Chapter31．Homehas1200unitsoflaboravailable.Itcanproducetwogoods,applesandbananas.Theunitlaborrequirementinappleproductionis3,whileinbananaproductionitis2.a．Graphouttheproductionpossibilitiesfrontier:b．Whatistheopportunitycostofapplesintermsofbananas?c．Intheabsenceoftrade,whatwouldthe
2、priceofapplesintermsofbananasbe?Intheabsenceoftrade,sincelaboristheonlyfactorofproductionandsupplydecisionsaredeterminedbytheattemptsofindividualstomaximizetheirearningsinacompetitiveeconomy,onlywhenwillbothgoodsbeproduced.So2．Homeisasdescribedinproblem1.Thereisnowalsoanothercountry,
3、Foreign,withalaborforceof800.Foreign’sunitlaborrequirementinappleproductionis5,whileinbananaproductionitis1.a．GraphForeign’sproductionpossibilitiesfrontier:b．Constructtheworldrelativesupplycurve.3．Nowsupposeworldrelativedemandtakesthefollowingform:Demandforapples/demandforbananas=pri
4、ceofbananas/priceofapples.a．Graphtherelativedemandcurvealongwiththerelativesupplycurve:∵Whenthemarketachievesitsequilibrium,wehave∴RDisahyperbolab．Whatistheequilibriumrelativepriceofapples?TheequilibriumrelativepriceofapplesisdeterminedbytheintersectionoftheRDandRScurves.RD:RS:∴∴c．De
5、scribethepatternoftrade.∵∴Inthistwo-countryworld,Homewillspecializeintheappleproduction,exportapplesandimportbananas.Foreignwillspecializeinthebananaproduction,exportbananasandimportapples.d．ShowthatbothHomeandForeigngainfromtrade.InternationaltradeallowsHomeandForeigntoconsumeanywhe
6、rewithinthecoloredlines,whichlieoutsidethecountries’productionpossibilityfrontiers.Andtheindirectmethod,specializinginproducingonlyoneproductionthentradewithothercountry,isamoreefficientmethodthandirectproduction.Intheabsenceoftrade,Homecouldgainthreebananasbyforegoingtwoapples,andFo
7、reigncouldgainbyoneforegoingfivebananas.Tradeallowseachcountrytotradetwobananasforoneapple.HomecouldthengainfourbananasbyforegoingtwoappleswhileForeigncouldgainoneapplebyforegoingonlytwobananas.SobothHomeandForeigngainfromtrade.4．Supposethatinsteadof1200workers,Homehad2400.Findtheequ
8、ilibriumrela
