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1、Unit21HumanBiology(时间:100分钟 满分:120分)第一部分 阅读理解(共两节,满分40分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2分,满分30分)阅读下面短文,从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中,选出最佳选项。ANooneknowswhywesleep,butit’scertainthatweneedto.Peoplewhoarepreventedfromsleepingbegintosufferobviouseffectsafterafewdays—theythinklessclea
2、rly,andtheyfallasleepduringtheworkinghours;somemayhavehallucinations(幻觉).Therearenorulesaboutsleep.Generallyspeaking,grown-upssleepaboutsevenandahalfhourseachnightandprobablymorethansixtypercentgetbetweensevenandeighthours.Butperhapseightpercentarequi
3、tehappywithfivehoursorless,andfourpercentorsofindthattheywanttenhoursormore.Ifyoufeelallright,you’reprobablygettingenoughsleep.Theimportantthingisnottoworryhowmuchotherpeopleget—theirneedsmaybedifferent.Exercisedoesn’tseemtoincreasetheneedforsleep—off
4、iceworkers,forexample,sleepforaboutaslongaspeopledoingphysicallyactivework.Childrensleepmorethangrown-ups—perhapsfourteentoeighteenhourssoonafterbirth,goingdowntogrown-uplevelsbyearlyteenage.Sleeppatternsalsotendtobedifferentintheelderly,whomaysleeple
5、ssatnightthantheydidwhenyounger,findsleepgettingmorebroken,andoftenmakeitaruletosleepduringthedaytime.1Accordingtothepassage,somepeopleareunabletothinkclearlybecause . A.theyhavehallucinationsB.theyfeelsleepyduringtheworkinghoursC.theydon’thaveenoug
6、hsleepD.theyarecertaintobekeptfromgoingtobed解析A、B两项是睡眠不足的结果而不是导致人们思维不清的主要原因,故A、B项错误。D项也不能说明原因。由第二段我们知道,睡眠不足是引起人们思维混乱的根本原因。答案C2WhichofthefollowingisTRUE?A.Allgrown-upsmusthaveatleasteight-hoursleep.B.Mostgrown-upssleepforsevenoreighthourseachnight.C.Qu
7、iteafewpeopleneedonlyfivehoursorlessforthemtosleep.D.Nogrown-upssleepmorethantenhours.解析短文的第二段有交代:60%以上的成年人大约睡7~8个小时。答案B3Whetheryouhavegotenoughsleepisjudgedby . A.howmanyhoursyouhavesleptB.howmanyhoursyouneedtosleepC.whetheryoudoexerciseandphysical
8、workD.whetheryoufeelfreshandenergetic解析判断人们是否得到足够的睡眠,不是根据睡眠时间的长短,而是人们是否精神焕发地去从事一天的工作与学习。答案D4Accordingtothepassage,aboyof14yearsoldismostlikelytosleep . A.aslongasagrown-upB.muchlongerthanagrown-upC.forfourteenhourseachnightD.forlessthaneight
