外文翻译-----小额信贷与经济增长，对印度经验的思考

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1、原文MicrofinanceandEconomicGrowth-ReflectionsonIndianExperience1・IntroductionAchievingbalaneedandinelusiveeconomicgrowthisakeychallengefacedbypolicymakersincountriesaroundtheworld.Thegainsofeconomicgrowthareaccessibletoagreaterextentbytherelativelyadvantaged,whofinditeasiertoparti

2、cipateinthegrowthprocess・Poorerpeople,whoareseparatedbydistancefromtheurbanareaswhereeconomicactivityisconcentrated,havetowaitmuchlongertoreapthebenefitsofeconomicgrowth・Engagingthesesectionsofsocietyintheeconomicmainstreamisessentialtoachievebalancedgrowth,whichiscriticalforthe

3、Iong-termsustainabilityofsocialdevelopmentandeconomicprosperity.Accesstofinancialservicesisakeyelementoftheprocessofsocio-economicempowerment.Onlybydeliveringfinancialservicestopeopleinruralareasandlowerincomestratacanth岁bebroughtwithintheambitofeconomicactivity・Onlythencanthefu

4、llpotentialofthecountry'sphysicalandhumanresourcesberealised・Theruraleconomyrepresentsalargelatentdemandforcredit,savingsandriskmitigationproductslikeinsuranee.Governmeritsandregulatorstheworldoverhavearticulatedtheexpansionoffinancialservicedeliverytothissegmentofthepopulationa

5、sapriorityobjective.2.TheImportanceofFinancialServicesThedeliveryoffinancialservicestolowerincomehouseholdsinruralareas,however,presentsauniquesetofchallenges・Thiscustomersegmenthasahighvolumeoflowvaluetransactionsandrequiresdoorstepservices,flexibilityintimingaswellassimpleproc

6、eduresanddocumentation・Theserequireasetofskillscompletelydifferentfromthosedeployedbymainstreamfinancialintermediaries・Atthesametime,traditionalmodesofoutreach,likephysicalbranchnetworks,provetobeinappropriatebecauseoftheirhighcosts.Microfinaneeisamodelwhichseekstoprovidefinanci

7、alservicestotheruralpopulationinaviableandsustainablemanner.2.MicrofinanceMicrofinanceencompassestheprovisionofabroadrangeofservicessuchasdeposits,loans,paymentservices,moneytransfersandinsuranceproductstopoorandlow-incomehouseholdsandmicroenterprises.Microfinanceallowsreplaceme

8、ntofhigh-costdebtfrominformalsources,therebyinc