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1、2010年化学实验物质的分离Theseparationof.Txt2010chemicalexperimentmaterialthereisnoonelikemeintimetohearsomesongssuddenlythoughtofhisownpastifIcanreturntothepast,Iwillchoosenottoknowyou.NotIregret,isthatIcannotfacetheendwithoutyou.In2010,thefirstroundofchemicalexperimentswasreviewed・Two,t
2、heseparation,purificationandtestingofsubstances[proformatarget]Themasterofcommonsubstances(includingionandorganicmatteretc・)separationandpurificationmethod,andcanuse・Identificationoftestmethodsandmaterial一tograspthecommonionsandcommonorganiccompounds・[mainpoints]Methodanddevice
3、forseparatingandpurifyingcommonmixtureofknowledgepoint11.filtration:amixtureseparatingsolidsandliquidsfromeachother,suchastheremovalofBaC03fromNaClsolutions・Note:/zatwolowthreeonfilterpaperclosetotheinnerwallofthefunnel,thefunnelfilterbelowtheliquidlevelbelowthefilterpaperedge,
4、edge,closetothemouthofthebeakerontheglassrod,glassrodendsclosetothreelayersoffilterpaperattheendclosetothewallunderthefunnelbeaker1.pointsolution:theseparationoftwomutuallyinsolubleliquids(Fig・2),suchastheseparationofwaterandcarbontetrachloride・Note:thelowerendoftheseparatoryfu
5、nnelclosetotheinsideofthebeaker,opentheseparatoryfunnelisglassplug,openthepiston,thelowerliquidletoutfromunderneathtotheinterface,andthenclosethepiston,theupperliquidbymouthintoanotherbeaker・Selectionofextractant:mutualdissolutionandmutualreactionwiththeoriginalsolvent;thesolub
6、ilityofsoluteinextractantismuchhigherthanthatoforiginalsolventanddoesnotreact・2.distillation:theseparationoftwoliquids,suchaspetroleum,accordingtotheirboilingpoint・Note:needtoaddzeolitetopreventbumping;themercuryballinthedistillationflaskbranchmouth;thecondensedwateroutletintot
7、hemouthfromcondensation.3.evaporation:theseparationofsolutefromasolutionbyheating,asfromaNaClsolution,separatingNaC1.Note:theheatingprocesscontinuestostirinordertoavoidlocaloverheating;Whenmorecrystalsareprecipitated,stopheatinganddraintheremainingwaterwithwasteheat・4.solidburn
8、ing:removethesolidsubstancescontainedinYiShenghua,easi
