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1、*Spontaneousandnon-spontaneousturn-takingMaiteTaboadaDepartmentofLinguisticsSimonFraserUniversity8888UniversityDr.Burnaby,B.C.V5A1S6Canadamtaboada@sfu.caAbstractTurn-takingisusuallyconsideredtofollowasimplesetofrules,enactedthroughaperhapsmorecomplicatedsystemofsignals
2、.Themostsignificantaspectoftheturn-takingprocessisthat,inmostcases,itproceedsinaverysmoothfashion.Speakerssignaltoeachotherthattheywishtoeitheryieldortaketheturnthroughsyntactic,pragmatic,andprosodicmeans.Inthispaper,Iexplorehowtheturn-takingprocessdevelopsintwodiffere
3、ntsetsofSpanishconversations.Inthefirstgroupofconversations,speakerstaketurnsspontaneously,presumablyastheywoulddoineverydaysituations.Inthesecondgroup,turnsweremechanicallycontrolled,andcommunicationwasone-way.Acomparisonofthetwotypesofconversationprovidesinsightsinto
4、thesignalsusedinspontaneousturn-taking.Keywords:conversation,turn-taking,task-orientedconversation,Spanish*ToappearinPragmatics.Currentversion:March1,2006.11.TakingturnswhentalkingGoodwin(1981:24),reportingonacomparisonbyJaffeandFeldstein(1970),proposesthateverydayconv
5、ersationissimilartoshort-waveradioastohowtheturn-takingisperformed.Thespeakerprovidesanend-of-messagesignal,afterwhichthehearerholdsthechannel,bringingaboutachangeinthespeaker/hearerroles.Inone-wayshort-waveradiocommunication,thisend-of-messagesignalisverbalizedinapre-
6、establishedword,inEnglishusually“over”.Thedifferencebetweenthetwotypesofinteractionisthat,inanormalconversation,speakersavailthemselvesofothermeansormechanismstoprovidethatend-of-messagesignal.Mypurposeinthispaperistoexplorewhichexactlyarethosemechanismsthatspeakersuse
7、inordertosignalturn-taking,withafocusonSpanish.ThisstudyisananalysisofacorpusthatcontainsconversationsbetweendyadsofnativespeakersofSpanish.Theconversationsaretask-oriented—participantshavetoagreeonschedulinganappointment—andwererecordedusingtwodifferentprocedures.Inas
8、ubsetoftheconversations,thespeakersusedacomputertoindicatetheendofaturn.Whentheyhadfinishedtheirturn,theypressthe“Ent
