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1、GEOLOGICALMETHODSFORARCHAEOLOGYThispageintentionallyleftblankGEOLOGICALMETHODSFORARCHAEOLOGYNormanHerzErvanG.GarrisonNewYorkOxford•OxfordUniversityPress1998OxfordUniversityPressOxfordNewYorkAthensAucklandBangkokBogotaBombayBuenosAiresCalcuttaCapeTownDarEsSalaamDelhiFlorenceHongKongIs
2、tanbulKarachiKualaLumpurMadrasMadridMelbourneMexicoCityNairobiParisSingaporeTaipeiTokyoTorontoWarsawandassociatedcompaniesinBerlinIbadanCopyright©1998byOxfordUniversityPress,Inc.PublishedbyOxfordUniversityPress,Inc.,198MadisonAvenue,NewYork,NewYork10016OxfordisaregisteredtrademarkofO
3、xfordUniversityPressAllrightsreserved.Nopartofthispublicationmaybereproduced,storedinaretrievalsystem,ortransmitted,inanyformorbyanymeans,electronic,mechanical,photocopying,recording,orotherwise,withoutthepriorpermissionofOxfordUniversityPress.LibraryofCongressCataloging-in-Publicati
4、onDataHerz,Norman,1923-Geologicalmethodsforarchaeology/NormanHerz,ErvanG.Garrison.p.cm.Includesbibliographicalreferencesandindex.ISBN0-19-509024-11.Archaeologicalgeology.I.Garrison,ErvanG.II.Title.CC77.5.H471997930.1'028—dc2096-2547235798642PrintedintheUnitedStatesofAmericaonacid-fre
5、epaperContentsForewordvii1TheScopeofArchaeologicalGeology3PartITheArcheologicalSiteandItsEnvironment2GeomorphologyinArchaeology173SedimentsandSoils37PartIIDatingTechniques4ChemicalMethods695RadioactiveMethods856Radiation-Damage,Cosmogenic,andAtom-CountingMethods1057OtherChronological
6、Methods127PartIIISiteExploration8ArchaeogeophysicalExploration1479SoilPhosphateinArchaeologicalSurveys181viCONTENTSPartIVArtifactAnalysis10ArchaeologicalMaterials:RocksandMinerals19311InstrumentalAnalyticalTechniques21212MetallicMineralsandArchaeologicalGeology23013Ceramics24814Appli
7、cationsofStableIsotopesinArchaeologicalGeology271Notes295Index327ForewordManyyearsagoatlunchwithagroupofdistinguishedclassicalarchaeologists,ananimateddiscussionstartedonthevalueofdifferentstrategiesinarchaeology.Afewinthegroupstronglyarguedthatthebestapproachtoanyarchaeologicalprobl
8、emwasintuiti
