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1、八、课程教案ChapterOneDefinitionofTranslationandTranslationPrinciplesTranslationisgettingmoreandmoreimportant,whichisknowntoall.andwhatistranslation,anyway?Nowlet’sseethefollowing:AccordingtotheEnglishdictionary,translationistheprocessofawrittenorspokenrenderingofthemeaningofaword,
2、speech,book,orothertext,inanotherlanguage.Butinthepracticalsociety,differentpeoplehavedifferentopinions.ThefamousEnglishlinguistGeoffreyLeechthoughtinhisbookSemanticsthattranslationistofindawaytoexpressthesenseofawordinanotherlanguage.ChairmanofITA（国际译联），ProfessorAnnaLenowasa
3、idinthebookTheTheoreticalEssentialsofGeneralTranslation(1985),“Asaprocess,translationisaspokenorwrittenactivity,withthepurposeofmakingthespokenorwrittenspeeches(writings)existinginalanguagereappearinanotherlanguageandkeepingtheinvarianceofthecontentsandqualityoftheoriginaltex
4、tandthecorrectnessoftheoriginalauthor.”Theprofessorwentonsaying“Astheresultoftranslatingactivity,translationistheanaloqueoftheoriginaltext.Theidealtranslationistheidealanaloqueoftheoriginaltext,whichisproducedinthenewsociety,cultureandtheactuallanguageandplaysaroleintherealiz
5、ationofthereality.”Peopleshouldn’tregard“analoque”hereastheabsolutenessoftheoriginaltext,theword-for-wordlanguageanalogyandinflexibleduplicationandshouldunderstanditastheanalogyoftheentiresystem,thatis,theanalogyofstructuralfunction.AccordingYangShi-zhang(2000[3]:73.ForeignLa
6、nguages):Therearetwotranslatingways---symboltranslationandsensetranslation.Theformerreferstotranslationconductedatthelevelofsymbolform.Translatorsdon’tgivedeliberateconsiderationtotheessenceoftheappeared/existingsymbolbutrespondaudiblytoitdirectly.Thistranslationisautomatic,w
7、hichistransformedjustlikefromoneformofalanguagesymboltoanotherformofanotherlanguagesymbol.Sensetranslationrequiresthetranslatorfirsttodeterminethereferent(sense)ofthelanguagesymbolorthespeechsituation,thentrytofindtheequivalentsymbolinthetargetlanguage.YangYan—songthinksthatt
8、ranslationisnotonlythetransformationandcontrastoftwolanguagesbutalso
