领导者与管理者的区别

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1、0.LearningObjectivesYoushouldlearnto:Explainthedifferencebetweenmanagersandleaders(管理者与领导者的区别)Describethetrait(个性特征)andbehavioraltheoriesofleadershipExplaintheFiedlercontingencymodel(菲德勒权变模型)ContrasttheHersey-Blanchard(何塞-布兰查)andleaderparticipation(参与)modelsofleadershipSummarizethepa

2、th-goal(路径-目标)model20.LearningObjectives(cont.)Youshouldlearnto:Explainthevarioussources(多种来源)ofpoweraleadermightpossessDescribehowleaderscancreate(创造)acultureoftrust(信任)Explaingender(性别)andcultural(文化)differencesinleadership3一.Leadership领导1.Leader(领导者)someonewhocaninfluenceothers(影响

3、别人)andwhohasmanagerialauthorityallmanagersshouldideally(最好)beleadersnotallleadershavetheabilitytobeaneffectivemanager2.Leadership(领导)processofinfluencingagrouptowardtheachievementofgoalsaheavilyresearchedtopic(一个热门的研究题目)4二.EarlyLeadershipTheories早期理论1.TraitTheories(特质理论)leadertraits(

4、领导者个性特征)-characteristicsthatmightbeusedtodifferentiateleadersfromnonleadersmightbeusedasabasisforselectingthe“right(合适)”peopletoassume(任命)formalleadershippositionsprovedtobeimpossibletoidentifyasetoftraitsthatwouldalwaysdifferentiate(区分)leadersfromnonleadersexplanationsbasedsolely(仅仅

5、)ontraitsignoredtheinteractions(相互作用)ofleaders,theirgroups,andsituationalfactorsEx.17-1SevenTraitsassociatedwithleadership5二.EarlyLeadershipTheories(续1)2.BehavioralTheories(领导行为理论)knowingwhateffectiveleadersdowouldprovidethebasisfortrainingleaders(知道有效领导者做什么，用于领导的训练)(1)UniversityofIo

6、waStudies(依阿华大学的研究)-KurtLewin(勒文)exploredthreeleadershipstyles(领导模式)Autocratic(独裁式)-leaderdictated(指定)workmethodsDemocratic(民主式)-involved(参与)employeesindecisionmakingusedfeedbacktocoachemployeeslaissez-faire(放任式)-gavethegroupcompletefreedomresultsweremixedwith(不确定)respectto(就)perform

7、ance-satisfactionhigherwithdemocraticleader6二.EarlyLeadershipTheories(续2)2.BehavioralTheories(cont.)(2)OhioStateStudies(俄核俄州大学)-identifiedtwodimensionsofleadership(两个影响领导的维度)，组合出四种领导方式initiatingstructure(以工作为重)-extenttowhichaleaderwaslikelytodefineandstructureher/hisroleandtherolesof

8、groupmembers