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1、SociologyofSportintheBalance:*CriticalReflectionsonSomeRecentandMoreEnduringTrendsEricDunning,EmeritusProfessorofSociology,UniversityofLeicester;VisitingProfessor,UniversityCollege,DublinandUniversityofUlsteratJordanstownThetitleofthispaperismodelledonthatofaverygoodbutlittleknowntextbook,Soc
2、iologyintheBalance,byDutchsociologist,JohanGoudsblom,whichwaspublishedbyBlackwellsin1977.WhatGoudsblomattemptedinthatbookwasakindofstocktakingregardingthedevelopmentofsociologyasawholeandthatiswhatIshalltrytoaccomplishinthispaperregardingthesociologyofsport.Ofcourse,whilsttheend-pointofGoudsb
3、lom’sstocktakingwas1977,theend-pointofminewillbe2002.Itseemstomethatthishistoricalmoment-whichisshortlyaftertheendingofthesecondChristianmillenniumandthedawningofthethird-isanappositemomentfortakingstockbecausetheadventofanewmillenniumisatimewhenpeoplearehavingtoaccustomthemselvestothefacttha
4、twearelivinginanewtime-frame.Thatistosay,wenowhavetothinkofourselvesaslivinginthetwentyfirstcenturyandnolongerinthetwentieth,though,exceptforpeoplewhoareveryyoung,thetwentiethcenturyprobablyremainsdominantintheirmindset.Letmebegintogetmoreconcrete.Astocktakingexerciseregardingthesociologyofsp
5、ortwillhopefullybeofhelpintheachievementofthreeobjectives.Moreparticularly,itwill:i)markanyadvancesinknowledgewhichhavebeenmadeinthefieldinthecenturywhichrecentlydrewtoaclose;*ThisarticleisbasedonpaperswhichIreadattheAnnualMeetingoftheNorthAmericanthSocietyfortheSociologyofSportinLasVegasinNo
6、vember1998,andatthe28AnnualConferenceoftheSocialHistorySocietyheldinLeicesterinJanuary2003.1ii)provideaguidetotheprincipalconflictsanddifficultieswhichhaveariseninthefield;andiii)alertscholarstosomeofthemistakesthathavebeenmadeandsomeoftherecipesthathavebeenadvocatedforavoidingthem.Withthesee
7、ndsinview,Ishallnowofferabriefoverviewofthehistoryanddevelopmentofthesociologyofsport.Itisimportant,though,tostressthatwhatfollowsismyviewofthehistoryanddevelopmentofthefield.IamnotclaimingthatwhatIhavetosayistotallyaccurateineverydetailortot
