Natural Origins of Economics 2005

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1、TheNaturalOriginsofEconomicsTheNaturalOriginsofEconomicsTheUniversityofChicagoPresschicago&londonmargaretschabasisprofessorofphilosophyattheUniversityofBritishColumbia.SheistheauthorofAWorldRuledbyNumber:WilliamStanleyJevonsandtheRiseofMathematicalEconomicsandth

2、ecoeditorofOeconomiesintheAgeofNewton.TheUniversityofChicagoPress,Chicago60637TheUniversityofChicagoPress,Ltd.,London©2005byTheUniversityofChicagoAllrightsreserved.Published2005PrintedintheUnitedStatesofAmerica1131211100900706051235isbn:0-226-73569-9(cloth)LibraryofCongress

3、Cataloging-in-PublicationDataSchabas,Margaret,1954–Thenaturaloriginsofeconomics/MargaretSchabas.p.cm.Includesbibliographicalreferencesandindex.isbn0-226-73569-9(cloth:alk.paper)1.Economics.2.Science.I.Title.hb74.s35s332005330.1—dc222005014061oThepaperusedinthispublicationmeets

4、theminimumrequirementsoftheAmericanNationalStandardforInformationSciences—PermanenceofPaperforPrintedLibraryMaterials,ansiz39.-1992.Idedicatethisbooktomyson,JoelBenjamin,withloveanddevotion.Prefaceix1·Before“theEconomy”12·RelatedThemesintheNaturalSciences223·FrenchEc

5、onomicsintheEnlightenment42·Hume’sPoliticalEconomy585·Smith’sDebtstoNature796·ClassicalPoliticalEconomyinItsHeyday1027·MillandtheEarlyNeoclassicalEconomists125·DenaturalizingtheEconomicOrder142NotesReferencesIndexAquestionthathasmotivatedmuchofmywritingandres

6、earchoverthepasttwentyorsoyearsis,Inwhatsenseiseconomicsascience?Thishasnecessi-tatedadetailedstudyoftheoverlap—bothmethodologicalandconceptual—ofeconomictheorywiththenaturalsciences.Myfirstmonograph,whichstudiedtheriseofmathematicaleconomicsinlate-nineteenth-centuryBritain,foc

7、usedprimarilyonthemethodologicaloverlap,althoughtheroleofnewconceptsinlogicandthephilosophyofsciencewasexaminedalongwiththeappropriationofquantitativetools.Thepresentstudyfocusesontheconcep-tualfoundationsofclassicaleconomicsandarguesthatthephenomenathem-selvesweregroundedinph

8、ysicalnature.Itthusmakesaverystrongcaseforthenaturalcontextof