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1、TwoLaneTrafficSimulationsusingCellularAutomataLANLReportNo.LA-UR95-4367M.Rickerta,b,K.Nagelb,M.Schreckenbergc,A.LatourdaCenterforParallelComputing,Universit¨atzuK¨oln,50923K¨oln,Germany,mr@zpr.uni-koeln.debLosAlamosNationalLaboratory,TSA-DO/SAMSM997,LosAlamosNM87545,USA,rickert@tsasa.lanl.govandkai@la
2、nl.govcTheoretischePhysik/FB10,Gerhard-Mercator-Universit¨atDuisburg,47048Duisburg,Germany,schreck@rs1.comphys.uni-duisburg.dedInstitutf¨urTheoretischePhysik,Universit¨atzuK¨oln,50923K¨oln,Germany,a2015846@smail.rrz.uni-koeln.deFebruary1,2008AbstractWeexamineasimpletwolanecellularautomatonbasedupont
3、hesin-glelaneCAintroducedbyNagelandSchreckenberg.Wepointoutimpor-arXiv:cond-mat/9512119v115Dec1995tantparametersdefiningtheshapeofthefundamentaldiagram.Moreoverweinvestigatetheimportanceofstochasticelementswithrespecttoreallifetraffic.1IntroductionInrecenttimescellularautomatabasedsimulationsoftrafficflow
4、havegainedconsiderableimportance.Byextendingtherangeofrulesfromnearestneigh-bourstoarangeof5gridsitesandintroducing6discretevelocities0...5NagelandSchreckenberg[1]havefoundastrikingresemblanceofsimulationandre-alistictrafficbehaviour.Forvmax=1SchadschneiderandSchreckenberghave121INTRODUCTIONfoundanana
5、lyticsolution[2].Forhighervmax,theseanalyticapproachesleadtogoodapproximationsfortheaveragebehavior[3].Furtheranalyticresultscanbefoundin[4].Nagel[5]pointedoutthestrongconnectionsbetweenparticlehoppingmodelsandfluid-dynamicalapproachesfortrafficflow.Muchlessisknownaboutmodellingofmulti-lanetraffic.Thissta
6、tementisnotonlytrueforparticlehoppingmodelsfortrafficflow,butfortrafficflowtheoryingeneral.Queueingmodelsarenottrulymultilane,butemulatemultiplelanesbyswitchingtheorderofvehiclesononelanewheneverapassingwouldhaveoccurredinreality[7].Fluid-dynamicalmodelsincorporatemulti-lanetrafficonlybyparametrization[8,9]
7、,althoughsometimesbasedonkinetictheory[10].Traditionalcar-followingtheory(see[11])byandlargeneverdealtwithmulti-lanetraffic.Modernmicroscopictrafficsimulationmodels(e.g.[12,13,14,15])obviouslyhandlemulti-
