中国文化英语概论第7课TestA

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1、1・autochthonousadj.本地的，原地生成的2.auxiliary[3：g'ziljari]a.辅助的；备用的3.practitioner[praek'tifana]n•开业者（尤指医师、律师等）4.apprentice[a'prentis]n.学徒，徒弟5.rite[rait]n.仪式6.hereditary[hireditari]a.遗传的：世袭的7.scholar-gentiyJL人8.filialpietyn.孝心9.enjoin[in'djoinjv.命令，吩咐10.embark[im'ba:k]vi.JL船（或飞机等）；（on）着手，开始工作11.ar

2、cane[a：'kein]a.神秘的，秘密的TextAInfluencesoftheChineseReligiousSystemsonMedicinebyJosephNeedham1-Asisgenerallyknown,thethreegreatreligioussystemsordoctrines,thesanchiao（三教）"wereConfucianisrrTaoismandBuddhism.OnlythefirsttwowereautochthonousmediaevalChinawasquitechfferentfromthatofEurope,because

3、of,forthelattercameinfromIndiabeginningintheLaterHan.Thethoughtofthesereligiousphilosophiesaffectedallaspectsofmedicine,andtheymusthaveinflueneedentryintotheprofession.2.AgreatmanymedicalmenthroughouttheMiddleAgesinChinaweretrainedatthegovernment/sexpense,andoftenbecamecivilservants,evenImp

4、erialPhysicians.Inaddition,theremustalwayshavebeenahostofauxiliarythenon・hereditary6*bureaucracyofthescholar-gentry?.Socialmobilitywasgreat.Familiesroseintooffice-holding,andsankoutofit,withinafewgenerations.Themedicalprofession,aswehavepractitionersemphasised,wasnotwhollylookeddownuponafte

5、ritsearlybeginnings,forasthecenturieswentbymoreandmoreConfucianscholarstendedtoenterit.OneinterestingreasonwhymenofscholarlyfamiliestookupmedicinewasbecauseConfucianfilialpiety8enjoined9themtowholearnedmedicineasapprentices°andtreatedthepoor.Physicianstendedtocomefromthefamiliesthathadprodu

6、cedmedicalmenforseveralgenerations.Indeed,theRecordofritesattendupontheirparents.ThismadethegreatThangmedicalwriter（Lichi礼记^contemporarywithConfuciushimself（earlyinthe-5thcentury）,hasbeeninterpretedtosaythatoneshouldnottakethemedicineofaphysicianwhosefamilyhadnotbeenphysiciansforthreegenera

7、tions.3.Fromwhatwehavealreadysaiditisclearthattheclassstructurein12.compassion[kdm'psefdn]n・同情，怜悯13.epitoraise[i'pitdmaiz]V.概括，成为...的缩影14.abbey['aebi]n.修道院；[总]修道上15.orphanage「Drfanid^ln.孤儿院,孤儿的身份16.artisanal[a:ti'zasnal]adj.手工艺性的17.wizard['wizad]n.男巫，术士1