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《纳米材料的性能及应用》由会员上传分享，免费在线阅读，更多相关内容在行业资料-天天文库。
1、纳米材料的性能及应用文秀芳2011.4.14主要内容引言及纳米材料概述1纳米材料的制备23纳米材料的应用4纳米材料的表征一、引言及纳米材料概述1.纳米科技研究的重要性2.什么是纳米材料3.自然界的纳米材料WhatisNanotechnology?•Whatdoes“nanotechnology”mean?•Whathasnanotechnologydone?•Whatcanweexpectittodo?•Isitanevolutionorarevolution?•Howwillitchangeindustries?•H
2、owwillitchangeourlives?Nanoscienceandnanotechnologyconcernsobjectsthatareextremelysmall.Howsmall?Biggerthanatoms,butsmallerthanyoucanseewithalightmicroscope.1~100nanometers(3-4atomssidebyside=1nm)“纳米是什么？”纳米其实是一种长度单位，1纳米是1米的十亿分之一,相当于十个氢原子一个挨一个排起来的长度。20纳米相当于1根头发丝的
3、三千分之一。WhatisNanotechnology?Nanotechnologyisabout:•Makingsmallobjects•Manipulatingsmallobjects•Creatingnewmaterialsbyvaryingthesizeoftheobjects•BuildingstructuresfromsmallobjectsWhymovingintonanoworldA.Intellectualdrive•MiniaturizationisofinterestLessspace,faster
4、,lessmaterials,lessenergy•Moreimportant:Novelproperties/phenomena/process-Newstructureandfunctions;EngineeringbeyondnatureUnityandgenerality-Atthebuildingblocksofallnatural/artificialthings,systemsMostefficientlengthscaleformanufacturing-Lessenergythanforsubatom
5、icormacroscopicTranscendenteffects:attheconfluenceofsteams-Living/non-living;interdisciplinary;RelevanceareasB.Promiseofnanotechnology(exampleofsocietalimplications)Knowledgebase:bettercomprehensionofnature,life?Anewworldofproducts:-$1trillion/yin10-15years-Mate
6、rialsbeyondwhatchemistrycando:$340B/yin10yearsformaterialsandprocessing,(estimationbyindustrygroup)-Electronnicsin10-15years:$300B/Yforsemiconductorindustry,timesmoreforglobalintegratedcircuts(estimationbySIA)-Pharmaceuticsin10-15yearsabouthalfofproductionwillde
7、pendonnanotechnology,affectingabout$180B/Y–Chemicalplantsin10-15years:nanostructuredcatalystsinpetroleumandchemicalprocessingabout$100B/Y–Aerospace:about$70B/Yin10years–Tools(measurement,simulation)--$22B/Yin10y?Improvedhealthcare:extendlife-span,Itsquality,huma
8、nphysicalcapabilities(-$31Bintoolsforhealthcarein10years)?Sustainability:agriculture,water,energy(-45B/yin10years)materials,environment,exitinglightingenergyreduction
