能力，财富和出口商品结构【外文翻译】

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1、外文翻译原文Capabilities，WealthandtheExport-MixMaterialSource:Eocn365InternationalTradeworkshopAuthor：JohnSuttonDanielleiflerWhatistherelationshipbetweenacountry’smixofexports，andthecountry’swealth?Or，ifweconsidersomeparticularproduct，whatdeterminesthesetof

2、countriesforwhichitisarelativelyimportantexport?QuestionsofthiskindhaveattractedongoingattentionintheliteraturefromMichaely(1984)，toLall，Weiss,andZhang(2006),andHausmann,Hwang,andRodrik(2007).(SeealsoChenery(1960)andLeamer(1984)onladdersofdevelopmentm

3、oregenerally.)Theseauthorsproceedbyexaminingtheaveragegdppercapof(major)exportersofeachgood.Thepointofdepartureofthepresentpaperliesintheobservationthattherangeofcountriesproducinganyspecificgood，intermsofcountries’gdppercapita，isusuallyverywide.Thish

4、asbeendocumentedbySchoot(2004，2008)andKhandelwal(forthecoming).Thiscanbeseenasreflectingtwocontributoryeffects.Thefirstis‘aggregation’:i.e.itmerelyreflectsanoverlybroaddefinitionofa‘good’oran‘industry’.Thesecondisthatdifferentproducersacrossthisranged

5、ifferin‘quality’.Wearguethatthelattercontributionissubstantialandpossiblydominant–andsowesetouttoexaminehowthisrangeofproducersemergesendogenouslywithina‘QualityCompetition’model.SuchmodelsformthebasisoftherecentliteratureonQualityandTrade，whichemphas

6、izestheroleofproductivityandquality(inwhateverbasketofgoodsthecountryproduces)asthedriverofcross-countrydifferencesingdppercapita.Oneaimofthepresentpaperistoshowhowacountry’scapabilitiesi.e.，itsproductivityandqualitylevelsineachgood，simultaneouslydete

7、rminesboththemixofgoodsitproducesandexports，anditslevelof　gdppercapita.Intherecentliteratureon‘QualityandTrade’，itiswidelyassumedthathigherquality　ismonotonicallyrelatedto(positivelycorrelatedwith)highermarkupsandhighermarketshares.Thisisindeedapredic

8、tionofpartialequilibriummodelsinwhichproducerswithdifferentqualitylevelsfaceacommonwagelevelintheirsingledomesticmarket.Weshow，however，thatinamulti-productGeneralEquilibriumtradesetting，thisisnolongertrue.Ifweconsiderarangeofexporters，rankedin