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1、Unit2languageandCultureLecture2ChineseVs.English语言文化心理的对比汉英语言心理的对比汉语英语悟性理性主体意识客体意识整体思维个体思维悟性Vs.理性–意合与形合汉语重意合（parataxis),英语重形合(hypotaxis）例如：接着，他继续设想，鸡又生鸡，用鸡卖钱，钱买母牛，母牛繁殖，卖牛得钱，用钱放债，这么一连串的发财计划，当然也不能算是生产的计划。Hewentonindulginginwishfulthinking.Chickenswouldbreedmorechick
2、ens.Sellingthemwouldbringhimmoney.Withthathecouldbuycows.Thecowswouldbreedtooandsellingoxenwouldmakemoremoneyforhim.Withthemoney,hecouldbecomeamoneylender.Suchasuccessionofstepsforgettingrich,ofcourse,hadnothingatalltodowithproduction.PidginEnglishPidginEnglish是英国
3、的皮肉而具中国骨子的语言（林语堂）。Hecome，younocome，youcome，come.”"DuYusonghavingbusinesslikefruitstand.Likeoffthestreetkind.HeisDulikeDuZong-butnotTsung-mingIslandpeople.Thelocalpeoplecallputong,therivereastside,hebelongtothatsidelocalpeople.ThatmanwanttoaskDuZongfathertakehiminl
4、ikebecomeownfamily.DuZongfatherwasn'tlookdownonhim,butdidn'ttakeseriously,untilthatmanbiglikebecomeamafia.Nowimportantperson,veryhardtoinvitinghim.Chineseway,cameonlytoshowrespect,don'tstayfordinner.Respectformakingbigcelebration,heshowsup.Meangiveslotsofrespect.C
5、hinesecustom.Chinesesociallifethatway.Iftooimportantwon'thavetostaytoolong.Hecometomywedding.Ididn'tsee,Iheardit.Igonetoboy'sside.ChineseageIwasnineteen."“Youneedn'tcome，ifhecomes，andheneedn'tcomeifyoucome“Iwantedtocapturewhatlanguageabilitytestscanneverreveal:her
6、intent,herpassion,herimagery,therhythmsofherspeech,andthenatureofherthoughts”.——AmyTan悟性Vs.理性–形象与抽象汉语的具体，英语的抽象E.g.Thereisnodifferencebutdifferenceofdegreebetweendifferentdegreesofdifferenceandnodifference.五十步与百步，有何异乎？丧失了原文的切准精确，却获得了明晓之意义我怎样会感知他的内在的智质之发展呢？我怎样会知道他想些
7、什么呢？例如：对文法技巧的描述蜻蜓掠水笔调之轻松画龙点睛提出全文之主眼欲擒故纵题意之跌宕翻腾单刀直入起笔之骤开正文神龙剑首不见尾文思之灵活壁立千仞结束之峻峭一针见血直接警策之讥讽声东击西议论之奇袭旁敲侧击幽默之讽诮层云叠嶂辞藻之累积湖上春来调子之柔和悟性Vs.理性–含蓄与直白歇后语：门缝里看人—把人看扁了外甥打灯笼—照舅（照旧）飞机上挂暖壶—高水瓶（平）《红楼梦》里一段对林黛玉的肖像描写：两弯似蹙非蹙笼烟眉，一双似喜非喜含情目。态生两靥之愁。娇袭一身之病。泪光点点。娇喘微微。闲静似娇花照水，行动如弱柳扶风。心较比干多一窍，
8、病如西子胜三分。GonewiththeWindItwasanarrestingface,pointedofchin,squareofjaw. Hereyeswerepalegreenwithoutatouchofhazel,starredwithbristlyblacklashesandslightly
