基于AHP和模糊综合评判的润滑油状态评估.pdf

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机床与液压Sep．2013HydromechatronicsEngineeringVe1．41No．18DOI：10．3969／j．issn．1001-3881．2013．18．018LubricantOilConditionAssessmentBasedonAHPandFuzzyComprehensiveEvaluationDUChuanbin，WANGJuxianga．GraduateStudents’Brigade；b．DepartmentofAirborneVehicleEngineering，NavalAeronauticalEngineeringInstitute，Yantai264001，ChinaAbstract：Lubricantoilconditionassessmentisamulti-indexevaluationproblem，anditshouldbesolvedbyconsideringindexescomprehensivelythatcharacteringoilcondition．Inthispaper，oilphysicalandchemicalpropertyindexes，oilprope~ydeterioratingindexes，andwearmetalele‘mentindexeswereusedtoassessoilconditioncomprehensively．Hierarchyoflubricantoilcondi‘tionassessmentandweightofeachindexweredeterminedbyAHPmethod．Secondaryoilcon。ditionassessmentwasachievedbyfuzzycomprehensiveevaluationmethod．Firstly，oilphysicalandchemicaIcondition．oilpropertydeterioratingcondition，andwearconditionwereassessedbyfirst．gradefuzzycomprehensiveevaluation．andthenIubricantoilconditionweredeterminedbysecond．gradefuzzycomprehensiveevaluation．Theexampleshowedthattheoilconditioncanbeassessedeffectivelybyapplyingthesetwomethods．Keywords：Iubricantoilcondition，AHP，fuzzycomprehensiveevaluationgineisingoodstate．1．IntroductionAccordingtotheaboveanalysis，Lubricantoilconditionassessmentisamulti．indexevaluationprob-Enginesrelyhighlyonlubricantoiltooperatelem．anditisveryhardtoassessoilconditionbyproperly．Thefilmoflubricantoilbetweenengineconsideringsingleindex．Therefore，itshouldbecomponentscanreducefrictionandprovideanaddi-solvedbyconsideringindexescomprehensivelythattionalpathwayforheattransfer，therebyassistingthecharacterizingoilcondition．engineinmaintainingitsmechanicalefficiency，pro—Inthispaper．1ubricantoilofamissilelaunch-longingitslife，andguaranteeingitsnormaloperationingvehicleandguaranteevehicleisinvestigated．[1—2]．Enginescannotworkwithoutlubricantoil，Throughphysicalandchemicalanalysis．FTIRanalyandlubricantoilqualitydeterminestheworkcondi—sis，andAESanalysis，oilphysicalandchemicalin—tionofengine．Atthesametime，manywearparti‘dexes，oilpropertydeterioratingindexes，andwearcles，whicharetheproductsofenginecomponentsmetalelementsindexescanbeacquired．Theseinde—friction，suspendinlubricantoil．Onthebasisofxescharacterizeoilconditionfromdifferentrespects．wearmetalelementstypesandconcentrations，theByusingAHP[3—4](AnalyticHierarchyProcess)conditionofcomponentthatcontainstheseelements，andfuzzycomprehensiveevaluation[5]，theseinde—canbedetermined．Apparently，acquiringrealtimexesareconsideredcomprehensivelytoassesslubri’oilqualityandwearmetalelementsinformation，andar】toi】condition．takingintimemeasures，canguaranteethattheen。2．Analysisoflubricantoilconditionassess-mentprocessbasedonAHPReceived：2013—05—16$DUChuanbin．E—mail：836027552@qq．comIn1980，AHPwasproposedbyT．L．Sattyto DUChuanbin，etal：LubricantOilConditionAssessmentBasedonAHPandFuzzyComprehensiveEvaluation89organizeandsynthesizepeoplesubjectivejudgment，andaisthequantifiedscalebetweentheithfactorwhichcanalsotransforn3qualitativeproblemtoquan—andthejthfactoroflayerBaccordingtotheirrelativetitativeproblem，andmakecomplexproblemsystem—importancetolayerA．aticalandhierarchica1．Therearefourstepstoassess2．3．ComputationoffactorweightlubricantoilconditionprocessusingAHP．①Ana—lyzerelationshipbetweenfactorsofassessmentAccordingtojudgmentmatrixA，preferentialprocess，andbuildhierarchy．②CompareeverytwoweightoffactorscanbedeterminedbycomputingthemaximumeigenvalueofmatrixAanditscorrespond—factorsofeverylayer，andconstructjudgmentma-ingeigenvector．TheeigenvectorW=(w1，w2，⋯，trix．③Accordingtothejudgmentmatrix，computerelativeweightoffactors．④Checkconsistencyofthew)representstheratioofweightdistribution．Eig-iudgmentmatrix．envectorcanbeobtainedbyrootmethodasfollows：L：2．1．Hierarchyoflubricantoilconditionassess-=，。(1)mentIntheprocessoflubricantoilconditionassess—1nment，firstly，threetestingsareconducted，andelev—A．maxi=1，2，⋯，rt(2)wi，enindexesthatcharacterizeoilconditionareac-2．4．Consistencycheckquired；secondly，onthebasisofsomeindexes，oilphysicalandchemicalcondition，oilpropertydeterio-Whilecalculatingthemaximummatrixeigenval—ratingcondition，andwearconditioncanbedeter—HeAⅡ，consistencycheckmustbemadesoastomined；lastly，accordingtotheseconditions，lubri—guaranteetheaccuracyandreliabilityofcalculationcantoilconditioncanbeassessedcomprehensively．result．consistencyindicat0ris=，checkSothehierarchyofoilconditionassessmentcanbeconstructed．andillustratedwithFig．1．∑㈦c。efficientisCR=丽CIandRIisaveragerand0m。，7)ChangerateofVlscosityllconsistencyindicator．WhenCR<0．1，matrixAPhysicalandchemicalmeetstheconsistencyrequirement．SomevaluesofR／Acidnumber“l2conditionU，AcidnumberarelistedinTab．1．value．added“∑Tab．1AveragerandomconsistencyindicatorR／0xidation1evel“21NitratiOlLubricantoilProperydeterioratinglevelnconditionconditionU2Waterpollutionlevel“23=============Dieselpollution1evel“243．FuzzycomprehensiveevaluationCOncentrati0nofFe”31Accordingtothehierarchyoflubricantoilcondi—C0ncentrati0nofAI“32tionassessment．theassessmentprocessisdividedin—WearconditionC0ncentratiOnoftothreelayers．Evaluationstartsfromthebottom．1ay—Cu3==========：==ersub—factors，andthenonthebasisofthislayere—COncentratiOnofSi“34valuation．furtherevaluationisconducted．Thus，Fig．1Hierarchyoflubricantoilconditionassessmentmulti—fuzzycomprehensiveevaluationmodelisnee—ded．2．2．EstablishofjudgmentmatrixoffactorsMulti．fuzzycomprehensiveevaluationmodelisAfterconstructionofhierarchy，comparisonofaccordingtothefeaturesofobjects，tosetupindexeverytwofactorsistakentodeterminerelativeimpor—system．todivideallthefactorswithspecialfeatures．tanceofeveryfactor，andquantifytherelativeimpor‘Inaccordancewiththelowertohigher，firstlydothetancewith1——9scalesproposedbySattytoestablishcomprehensiveevaluationforeverysection，andjudgmentmatrix．Forexample，judgmentmatrixA=next，dotheseniorcomprehensiveevaluationforev-(a)nxrtoflayerBrelativetolayerAisestablished，crylowerresult，andfinallygettherealisticresults． HydromechatronicsEngineeringConcretestepsareshownasfollows：3．1．Settingelementsetandcommentset1)Settingupevaluationobjects’elementsetU．DivideUintoseveralsubsetswithspecialfea—tures，denotedU1，，⋯，Umeetingwith，U=U，Un=(i≠)．Everysubsetsaredividedin—toseveralevaluationelements，U{订，“，⋯，m}，i=1，2，⋯，n．惯]2)SettingupcommentsetV={1，，⋯，)．3．2．DeterminingtheweightofeveryelementEveryUrepresentscharacteristicsofU，asapartofU．Accordingtodifferentimportance，getstheB=A。R=[b1，b2，⋯，b](4)pweightdistributionA={01，a2，⋯，a)，meanswhereweightVect0r：{02，⋯，an}，ai=1，andb=V(0八11weightvectorofsubsetU／sA={0n，a，⋯，口)，Finally，accordingtomaximummembershipde。greemethod，evaluationresultisthecommentele。。。mentcorrespondingtothemaximumofb(i=1，2，3．3．Determiningsingleelementfuzzymatrix⋯，P)．Accordingtofuzzytheory，everyelement’s4．LubricantoilconditionassessmentmembershipofUiscalculatedwithformula．Theap-praisalofjthsinglefactoris=(l，，⋯，)，SamplesinvestigatedareCD一15W／40lubricantwhereisthefuzzymembershipdegreeoffactor0il．andcollectedfromonelaunchingvehicleandonetogradev．Theoverallfuzzyevaluationmatrixofallguaranteevehicle．Throughphysicalandchemicala—mfactorsisnalysis[6，7]，FTIRanalysis[8，9]，andAESanaly—“]sis『10]，oilphysicalandchemicalindexes，oil⋯propertydeterioratingindexes，andwearmetalele。=lmentsindexesareacquired．Theresultsarelistedin，===，Tab2．3．4．Multi-fuzzycomprehensiveevaluationTab．2LubricantoiltestingresultsSincethehierarchyoflubricantoilconditionas-sessmentisdividedintothreelayers．amodelofsee-ondaryfuzzycomprehensiveevaluationcanbebuilt．Firstly，dothecomprehensiveevaluationforeveryel—ementinthebottomlayer．andthendoitforthehigherlayer．1)First—gradefuzzycomprehensiveevaluationSupposingtheweightvectorofelementsinsub。setUisA={口a2，⋯，D)，withfuzzyoperatorM(V，^)，carrymatrixsyntheticoperationonweightvectorAandfuzzyevaluationmatrixR，thematrixelementsayethatb=V(。^)，，(i：1，2，⋯，n；=1，2，⋯，p)．Thefirst—gradecon。DrehensiveevaluationresuhofthethelementsubsetUisshownasfollows： DUChuanbin，etal：LubricantOilConditionAssessmentBasedonAHPandFuzzyComprehensiveEvaluationBasedontheoryanalyzedinsection2and3lu．，O≤bricantoilconditionisassessedinthissection．Theassessmenttakesphysicalandchemicalcondition，oilpropertydeterioratingcondition，andwearcondition2[／《]～：3：=：．intoaccountcomprehensively．asillustratedwith一z(x-a2-柑。2<≤。2+Fig．1．4．1．EstablishofelementsetandcommentsetAccordingtothehierarchyoflubricantoilcondi．Where，imeansthsubsetUi，meansthejthele—tionassessment，elementsetofoilconditionassess—mentU，kmeanskthcommentlevel，a1anda2arementisU={l，，}．Inourresearch，thefinalconstantnumberthatdividefactorsintograde．Onoilconditionassessmentresultisdividedintothreebasisoflotsofexperiments，alanda2foreachfactorlevels，whichare‘‘normal”，“abnormal”．and“oilcanbefoundinTab．3．change”．Sothecorrespondingcommentsetisde．finedasV：{normal，abnormal，oilchange}．Tab．3GradedivisionsOffactorsTheelementsethasthreesubsets：U1，，，whereU1={UU12，U13}，U2={1，2，3，}，and={l，2，3，4}．TheirsCOl~e—spondingcommentsetsareV1={normal，attention，alarm}，={normal，attention，alarm}，：{nor-maZwear，abnormalwear，$everewear}．4．2．DeterminingfuzzyevaluationmatrixThefirst-gradefuzzyevaluationmatrixRisde．terminedbycalculatingeveryelement’SmembershipofUiwithformula．Themembershipusedinthispa—perisdefinedasfollows：1≤>一2c⋯z孚椰+，=1il一z一，『nlc≤、(5)a，≤÷a，z孚柑÷<≤a，k：2，／《]。a1<≤02Accordingtoformula(5)一(7)andgradedivi．siontable，first．gradefuzzyevaluationmatrixcanb0z⋯／口1『determinedasfollows．First—gradefuzzyevaluationmatrixesforlaunch—ingvehiclelubricantoilconditionare：r0．98620．013801(6)R1=l0．00500．99500l00．79520．2048 92HydromechatronicsEngineering0．96620]Tab．6Judgmentmatrixofwearingelementindexes0．13000lR2R300lR2R3o．0309oj=：=：—．。．．，．。．．．。．．。．。L—。．．L—．．。．．．．．L00OO0O0O00000O30781691977756573●44673O90506．2l000l385醯8010608．224406358880．42320First--gradefuzzyevaluationmatrixesforguaran·-U1Consistencycheckteevehiclelubricantoilconditionare：10；0．35840．4567Theweightvectorsare：0．2315A=(0．53900．29720．1638)0．6242A。=f0．48370．29730．10950．1095)0A=(0．50260．20540．20540．0866)A=f0．32020．55720．1226)0．O80．03124．4．First-gradefuzzyevaluation0．8432Takingfirst—gradefuzzyevaluationmatrixandweightvectortoformula(3)，andaccordingtothe4．3．Determiningweightvectormaximummembershipdegreemethod，thefirst-gradeWeightvectorsarecalculatedfromjudgmentma-fuzzyevaluationresultCanbedetermined．trixgeneratedfromAHP．Basedontheresultsoftes-First—gradefuzzyevaluationresultoflaunchingting，relationshipbetweenindexes，andtheirsinflu—vehiclelubricantoilconditionis：enceonlubricantoilcondition，judgmentmatrixesB1=(0．53900．29720．1638)，physicalaredeterminediSTab．4～7．andchemicalpropertyconditionis“normal”；B2=(0．29730．48370．0000)，propertyTab．4JudgmentmatrixOfphysicalandchemicaldeterioratingconditionis“attention”；propertiesindexesB3=(0．50260．20540．0000)，wearcond一iti·onl·S“no口Twear”．First-gradefuzzyevaluationresultofguaranteevehiclelubricantoilconditioniS：B=(0．53900．29720．0000)，physicalandchemicalpropertyconditioniS“normal”：B2=(0．48370．35840．0000)，propertydeterioratingconditioniS“normal”：Tab．5JudgmentmatrixofpropertydeterioratingindexesB=(0．50260．08860．0000)。wearC0na1】·t。】·On1·s“n0r】r上￡erzr"．4．5．Second-gradefuzzyevaluationSecond-gradefuzzyevaluationresultoflaunch·-ingvehiclelubricantoilconditionis：B=(0．32020．48370．1638)Second--gradefuzzyevaluationresultofguaran--teevehiclelubricantoilconditioniS DUChuanbin，etal：LubricantOilConditionAssessmentBasedonAHPandFuzzyComprehensiveEvaluation93B=f0．48370．3584，0．0000)isacquired，andenginemaintenancesupportdeci-Accordingtothemaximummembershipdegreesion-makingcanbeprovided．method．1ubricantoilconditionoflaunchingvehicleandguaranteevehicleis“attention”and“normaf”References：respectively．Thefirst—gradefuzzyevaluationresultoflaunchingvehicleshowsthatpropertydeteriorating[1]MAOMeijuan，ZHUZixin，wANGFeng．Technologiesconditionis“attention”．andsoitcanbeconcludedandApplicationofEquipmentOilMonitoring[M]．Bei—jing：NationalDefenseIndustryPress，2006．thatlubricantoi1“attention”conditionismainly[2]RENGuoquan，ZHANGPeilin，ZHANGYingtang．causedbyoilpropertydeteriorating．Ithasbeensur—TheoryofEquipmentOilIntelligentMonitoring[M]．veyedthatthelaunchingvehicleenginebearsmoreBeijing：NationalDefenseIndustryPress，2006．loadthanguaranteevehicleengine，anditsworkingf3]Saaty．ThomasL．TheAnalyticHierarchyProcess[M]．environmentisworse．thereforeitsantioxidantaddi—NewYork：McGraw．Hill。1980．tiveandantiwearadditiveareconsumedmorequick—『4]SaatyTL．AScalingMethodforPrioritiesinHierarchi—ly．Inthefuture．thelubricantoiloflaunchingvehi—calStructures[J]．JournalofMathPsychology，1997，cleshouldbegivenmoreattention，especiallyits15：234—281．．[5]HuBaoqing．FoundationofFuzzyTheory[M]．Hubei：propertydeterioratingcondition，andthetimeintervalWuhanUniversityPress．20OI4．0foilmonitoringshouldbereduced．『6]NationalStandardAgency．GB265—88，PetroleumPr0ducts—DeterminationofKinematicViscosityandCal-5．ConclusionsculationofDynamicViscosity[s]．Beijing：NationalStandardAgency，1988．Lubricantoilexperiencesalotofchangeinuse，『7]NationalStandardAgency．GB264—83，PetroleumandmanyindexesthatcharacterizingitspropertymayProducts-DeterminationofAcidNumberlS1．Beijing：showdifferentchangetrend．soitisveryhardtoas-NationalStandardAgency．1983．sessoilconditionbyconsideringsingleindex．There—『8]AsTME2412一o4StandardPracticeforConditionMoni—toringofUsedLubricantsbyTrendAnalysisUsingFou—fore．1ubricantoilconditionassessmentisamulti—in—rierTransformInfrared(Fr—IR)Spectrometry[S]．dexevaluationproblem，anditshouldbesolvedbyUnitedStates：AsTMCommittee．2O04．comprehensiveevaluation．Inourresearch．oilphysi—『9]ASTME168—06StandardPracticesforGeneralI1ech—calandchemicalpropertyindexes，oilpropertydete—niquesofI~raredQuantitativeAnalysis『S]．Unitedrioratingindexes．andwearindexesareconsideredStates：ASTMCommittee，2006．comprehensively，AHPandfuzzycomprehensivee—『10]ASTMD6595—05TestMethodforDeterminationofvaluationmethodsareusedtoassessoilcondition．WearMetalsandContaminantsinUsedLubricantingOilsorUsedHydraulicFIuidsbyRotatingDiscElectrodeTheexampleshowsthatthemethodsgivethereasona-AtomicEmissionSpectrometry[S]．UnitedStates：ASTMbleresultsthataccordingwithactualoilcondition．Committee．2o05．Accordingtotheassessment，enginelubricationstate基于AHP和模糊综合评判的润滑油状态评估杜传斌，王菊香海军航空工程学院a．研究生管理大队；b．飞行器工程系，山东烟台264001摘要：利用润滑油的理化性质指标＼性能衰变指标和磨损金属元素指标分析了润滑油的状态。根据润滑油状态评估过程，利用层次分析法(AHP)建立润滑油状态评估的分级结构，利用模糊综合评判方法对润滑油状态做出两级评估。首先应用一级模糊综合评判，评估润滑油理化性质状态、润滑油性质衰变状态和磨损状态；然后利用二级模糊综合评判评估润滑油的状态。实例证明：应用这2种方法都能有效地评估润滑油的状态。关键词：润滑油状态评估；AHP；模糊综合评判中图分类号：TH137