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1、如何克服新进入缺陷2010,12,6各小组讨论小组成员介绍研究问题的提出研究框架与主要观点研究意义与启示局限与展望主要参考文献介绍在小组作业过程中的问题、困惑以及你们是如何解决的AnarticletorecommendAndrewB.HargadonandYellowleesDouglas.2001.WhenInnovationsMeetInstitutions:EdisonandtheDesignoftheElectricLight.AdministrativeScienceQuarterly,Vol.46,No.3(Sep.,2001),pp.476-501T
2、hearticlenoteDuringtheperiodofinterest,ThomasEdi-sonworkedsocloselywithasmallgroupofengineersinhisMenloParklaboratorythatitisdifficulttodistinguishhisactionsfromthoseofhiscolleagues.FrancisJehl,oneofEdison'slong-timeassistants,oncesaid,"Edisonisinrealityacollectivenounandreferstothewo
3、rkofmanymen"(Conot,1979:469).ItiswiththisunderstandingthatwerefertoEdisonthroughoutthispaperAbstractThispaperconsiderstheroleofdesign,astheemergentarrangementofconcretedetailsthatembodiesanewidea,inmediatingbetweeninnovationsandestablishedinstitutionalfieldsasentrepreneursattempttoint
4、roducechange.AnalysisofThomasEdison'ssystemofelectriclightingoffersinsightsintohowthegroundeddetailsofaninnovation'sdesignshapeitsacceptanceandultimateimpact.AbstractThenotionofrobustdesignisintroducedtoexplainhowEdison'sdesignstrategyenabledhisorganizationtogainacceptanceforaninnovat
5、ionthatwouldultimatelydisplacetheexistinginstitutionsofthegasindustry.Byexaminingtheprinciplesthroughwhichdesignallowsentrepreneurstoexploittheestablishedinstitutionswhilesimultaneouslyretainingtheflexibilitytodisplacethem,thisanalysishighlightsthevalueofrobustdesignstrategiesininnova
6、tionefforts,includingthephonograph,theonlineserviceprovider,andthedigitalvideorecorderBackgroundsandmotivationsThepursuitofinnovationincreasinglydrivesorganizationsinrapidlychangingenvironments,whererisksarehighandmisstepshaveseriousconsequences(BrownandEisenhardt,1997;Drucker,1999)In
7、troducingchangeintootherwisestablesocialsystemsisariskyendeavor,butthisisexactlywhatentrepreneurswithpotentiallysignificantinnovationsmustattempttodoTobeaccepted,entrepreneursmustlocatetheirideaswithinthesetofexistingunderstandingsandactionsthatconstitutetheinstitutionalenvironmentyet
8、setth
