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1、定语从句知识应该掌握到什么程度?Learningaims:1.关系副词where/when/why引导的定语从句2.介词+which/whom引导的定语从句1.关系副词引导定语从句在定语从句中,关系副词主要有3个:when,where和why.1)when在定语从句中表时间,作状语,其先行词往往是表示时间的名词,如:time,day,season,age,occasion等。Ican’tforgetthenightwhenIcametothefarm.翻译:__________________________________________________2
2、)where在定语从句中表示地点,作状语,其先行词通常是place,city,town,factory,table,village,house等表示地点的名词situation,case,condition,point等表示抽象意义的名词。Thefactorywherehisfatherworksisinthewestofthecity.翻译:____________________________________________________Thecountryisinthesituationwhereawarwillbreakoutatanytime.
3、翻译:____________________________________________________3)why在定语从句中表示原因,作状语,先行词一般是reason.ThatisthereasonwhyIdidso.翻译:___________________________Idon’tknowthereasonwhyhedidn’tcometoschoolyesterday.翻译:_____________________________________________________【注意】1)并非先行词表示时间、地点或原因时,引导词就用whe
4、n,where或why;若定语从句中不缺状语而缺主语或宾语则须用which或that引导定语从句。I’llneverforgetthedays______weworkedtogether.I’llneverforgetthedays______wespenttogether.Doyouknowthereason______hefailedintheexamthistime?Thereason_____hegavemewasreasonable.2)when,where,why,引导的定语从句可用“介词+which”来替换。其介词可根据先行词和定语从句中的谓语
5、动词来判断。A.when相当于at/in/on/during等+which.ThedateonwhichhejoinedthePartywasJuly1,1984.翻译:B.where相当于at/in/on/等+whichThehouseinwhichhelivedisalibrarynow.翻译:A.why相当于for+which.Isthatthereasonforwhichhewasabsentfromclass?翻译:2.介词+关系代词(which,whom)引导的定语从句1)介词+which在定语从句中充当时间,地点,原因状语,相当于when,wh
6、ere,why.(上边已经讲述)2)介词+which/whom,关系代词作介词的宾语,这是我们学习定语从句的重点,也是高考的常考点。which指物,whom指人。在这种结构中,介词的选择非常关键,可根据定语从句所修饰的名词或代词来选择介词。也可根据从句的相关动词来选用。ThisistheprofessorfromwhomIhavelearntalot.翻译:HaveyouseethepenwithwhichIwritemyhomework.翻译:Inthedarkstreet,therewasn’tasinglepersontowhomshecouldtur
7、nforhelp.翻译:【注意】在日常英语中通常把介词放在从句的句末,省略关系词which/whomThisistheprofessor(whom/that)Ihavelearnedalotfrom.Thisisthecamera(which/that)heoftentakesphotoswith.【学法点拨】1)“介词+关系代词”引导定语从句时,介词的选取必须遵循“一先;二动;三意义”的原则。即:a.根据先行词的搭配而定;b.根据定语从句中谓语动词的搭配而定;c.根据整句话的意义而定。2)介词+关系代词引导定语从句时,介词的选择应注意几个问题:a.有的介词
8、时定语从句中词组的固定搭配拆开的结果,用什么介词由从