如何写好毕业论文的摘要和关键词.doc

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1、如何写好毕业论文的摘要和关键词（白银电大分校王兴泽辑2008.4）论文的摘要，其作用是对所写论文进行简要概述，包括研究论题、方法、意义以及由此得出的结论。通过阅读摘要，读者可不必浏览全文便把握论文的主旨。内容决定形式，摘要简明扼要的特点决定其用词精炼准确，紧扣论题。一般来说，毕业论文摘要的字数要求在100—200个词左右。尽管摘要的具体内容因所选专业和论题而异，其各组成部分的撰写格式还是有一定的规律可循。（1）主题句（topicsentence）摘要的第一句话往往开门见山，直奔主题，提出研究目的和对象。Thepurposeofthispaperis…Theprimarygoalofthis

2、researchis…Inthispaper(article),weaimat…Thechiefaimofthepresentworkisto…Thispaperdiscusses(studies,concerns,dealswith)…Thispaperargues(demonstrates)…Thispaperexplores(probesinto,elaborateson,expounds)…Thispapermakesacomparisonof(anoverviewof,ananalysisof)…Inthispaper,theauthorattemptsto(intendsto,

3、proposes,contends,pointsout,argues)…Basedon(Centeringaround)…,thispaperistoreview(provesillustrates)…（2）主体句（supportingsentence）在概述了论题后，接下来要进一步涉及研究方法、实验过程、调查或分析等具体内容来填充骨架。常用的句式如下：Themethodusedinourstudyisknownas…Thetechniquewehaveappliedisreferredtoas…Theprocedurecanbebrieflydescribedas…Theapproach

4、thathasbeenadoptedextensivelyiscalled…Detailedinformationhasbeenacquiredbytheauthorsusing…Theresearchhasrecordedvaluabledatausingthenewlydevelopedmethod.Theunderlyingconceptofthistheoryis…Theunderlyingprincipleofthetheoryisasfollows.Thisisaworkingtheorywhichisbasedontheideathat…Thefundamentalfeatu

5、resofthistheoryareasfollows.Thetheoryischaracterizedby…Theexperiment,consistedofthreesteps,isdescribedin…Wehavecarriedoutseveralexperimentstotestthevalidityof…Recentexperimentsinthisareahavesuggestedthat…Exampleswithactualexperimentdemonstrate…Specialmentionisgivenhereto…（3）结束句（closesentence）2从某种意

6、义上说，摘要就相当于一篇微观论文，其结语句的功能也类似本论文的结论。需要阐明结果、说明应用、点明意义或引发反思：Inconclusion,westatethat…Insummingupitmaybestatedthat…Therefore,itcanbeconcludedthat…Theresultsoftheexperimentindicatethat…Thestudieswehaveperformedshowedthat…Theinvestigationcarriedoutby…hasrevealedthat…Allourpreliminaryresultsthrowlightonth

7、enatureof…Thisfruitfulworkgivesexplanationof…Thesefindingsoftheresearchhaveledtheauthortoaconclusionthat…Finally,thepaperreflectsonthecurrentsituationpertainingto…下面看一篇完整的摘要是怎样将上述要点化整为零的：Thisstudyexaminescross-cu