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1、LESSONONEThedevelopmentofaircargo航空货运的发展Smallpackageservice:Aspecializedserviceguaranteeingthedeliveryofsmallparcelswithinspecifiedexpresstimelimits,e.g.samedayornextday.Thistrafficissubjecttosizeandweightlimitations.Mostpassengeraircarriersalsoprovidet
2、hisserviceatairportticketcounterswithdeliveryatdestinationbaggageclaimarea.It’softenreferredtoascountertocounter.Tonmile:Thecommonmeasurementoftransportationproductivity.Onetonmilemeansonetonofcargoflownonemile.All-cargoaircraft:Aircraftforthecarriageof
3、cargoonly,ratherthanthecombinationofpassengersandcargo.Cargoaircraftcarrypalletizedorcontainerizedtrafficonthemaindeckandeitherunitizedorbulkcargoonthelowerdeck.Cargoaircraftarenormallyequippedwithspecialcargoloadingsystemsonthemaindeck.Alsoreferredtoas
4、freighters.TEXTThetermaircargoisgenerallyusedinthebroadsense,toincludeairfreight,mail,andtheseveraltypesofexpeditedsmallpackageservices.Inshort,almosteverythingthatgoesinthecargocompartmentonapassengerflightisconsideredaircargo,exceptpassengerbaggage,wh
5、ichistreatedaspartofthepassenger.Theairlinegottheirstartcarryingmail,thenprogressedintothepassengerbusinessandmovedtosubstantialparticipationinthefreightbusiness.Yetalthoughitwasthelatecomer,airfreightwasoncethefastest-growingsegmentoftheairlineindustry
6、.From1961through1971,theton-milesoffreightcarriedbyUSscheduledairlineshadnearlyafivefoldincrease,whilepassenger-milesincreasedalittleoverthreefold.The1970sshowedslowerbutsteadygrowth,abouta67percentincreaseoverthedecadeforton-milesofairfreight.Inthe1980
7、ssmall-packageexpressservicesgrewrapidlyanddataforthatdecadereflectfreightandexpresscombined.Theyshowan85percentincreaseinton-milesinthetenyears.Mostrecentfiguresshowanincreaseof11.5percentfrom1990-1993.Butitwouldbeamistaketodowngradetheimportanceofairc
8、argoonlybecauseitisasmallbusinesscomparedwiththepassengerbusiness.Becauseofitsspeed,andbecauseofthemanysavingsderivingfromspeed,aircargoservicehasbecomevaluabletomanufactures,toretailers,andtoconsumers.Amanufacturerofappliancesma
