1、直接引语变间接引语面面观张媛媛直接引语变间接引语面面观一、如何变人称：口诀：一随主。二随宾，第三人称不更新。“一随主”是指在直接引语变间接引语时，如果从句中的主语是第一人称或被第一人称所修饰。从句中的人称要按照主句中主语的人称变化如：She said. "My brother wants to goshopping with me. ”→She said her brotherwanted to goshopping with her.“二随宾”是指直接引语变间接引语时，若从句中的主语及宾语是第二人称
2、或被第二人你所修饰。从句中的人称要跟引号外的主句的宾语一致。如果引号外的主句没有宾语。也可以用第一人称，如：：He said to Kate. "How is your sister now?”→He asked Kate how her sister was then。“第三人称不更新”是指直接引语变间接引语时。如果从句中的主语及宾语是第三人称或被第三人称所修饰从句中的人称一般不需要变化如：Mr Smith said,“Jack is a good boy.”→Mr Smith said Jack
3、was a good boy.二.如何变时态：1.如果主句的谓语动词是现在时，从句时态则无需变化。Hesays:“that‘sallright.”Hesaysthatisallright.Hisfriendsays:“mymotherwillbringmeagift.”Hisfriendsayshismotherwilltakehimagift.2.如果主句中的谓语动词用一般过去时,则间接引语中宾语从句须用过去的某种时态。基本原则是：往过去的方向推一个时态，即一般现在时变成一般过去时，1.Shesai
4、d:“Iamastudent.”→Shesaid(that)shewasastudent.一般现在时--——（一般过去时）2.She said,"He will go to see his friend.”→She said hewouldgo to see his friend。Tomsaid,“Iamgoingtoplaybasketballtomorrow.”→Tomsaidhewasgoingtoplaybasketballtomorrow.一般将来时----（过去将来时）Shesaid,“I
5、amreadingabook.”→Shesaidshewasreadingabook.现在进行时-----（过去进行时）直接引语间接引语一般现在时一般过去时一般将来时过去将来时现在进行时过去进行时一般过去时现在完成时过去完成时canmay过去完成时过去完成时过去完成时couldmight1.The teachersaid"The earthmovesaround the sun .”→ The teacher said the earthmovesaround the sun . 2.Jack sai
6、d. “IwasdoingchoreswhenTomcametoseeme” →Jack saidhewasdoingchoreswhenTomcametoseehim.3.Jack said. "Iwas bornon April 2l, 1980." →Jacksaid hewas bornon April 21, 1980. 4.He said, “Iget upat six every morning。” →He said hegetsup at six every morning.5.(
7、could, should, would, might）Thedoctorsaid,“Youshouldstayinbedfor2days.”→ThedoctorsaidIshouldstayinbedfor2days.”(ought to， had better, used to)Peter said. "Youhad bettercome here today." →Peter said Ihad bettergo there that day.注意：以下几种情况时态不变The teachers
8、aid"The earthmovesaround the sun .”→ The teacher said the earthmovesaroundthe sun .①直接引语是客观真理。Jack said. "Iwas bornon April 2l, 1980." →Jacksaid hewas bornon April 21, 1980.③直接引语中有具体的过去某年、某月、某日作状语，变为间接引语时，时态不变。Jack said. “Iwasd
